10-Q 1 fnbn-20120930x10q.htm 10-Q FNBN-2012.09.30-10Q




UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-Q

 
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
     
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012
 
Commission File Number 0-13823


FNB UNITED CORP.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
 
North Carolina
 
56-1456589
(State of Incorporation)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
150 South Fayetteville Street
 
 
Asheboro, North Carolina
 
27203
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
 
(336) 626-8300
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)
Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o
Smaller reporting company x
 
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

As of November 1, 2012 (the most recent practicable date), the Registrant had outstanding approximately 21,588,056 shares of Common Stock.




FNB United Corp. and Subsidiaries
Report on Form 10-Q
September 30, 2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2
Item 3
Item 4
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1
Item 1A
Item 2
Item 3
Item 4
Item 5
Item 6
 



i


PART I.    FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.    Financial Statements
FNB United Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
 
$
45,556

 
$
35,773

Interest-bearing bank balances
 
282,314

 
517,643

Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale, at estimated fair value (amortized cost of $482,979 in 2012
and $430,836 in 2011)
 
492,386

 
431,306

Loans held for sale
 
8,212

 
4,529

Loans held for investment
 
1,231,795

 
1,217,535

Less: Allowance for loan losses
 
(30,859
)
 
(39,360
)
Net loans held for investment
 
1,200,936

 
1,178,175

Premises and equipment, net
 
52,637

 
53,763

Other real estate owned and property acquired in settlement of loans
 
80,800

 
110,386

Core deposit premiums and other intangibles
 
7,369

 
8,177

Goodwill
 
4,205

 
3,905

Bank-owned life insurance
 
38,482

 
37,515

Other assets
 
25,168

 
27,691

Assets from discontinued operations
 

 
245

Total Assets
 
$
2,238,065

 
$
2,409,108

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Deposits:
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
 
$
264,370

 
$
234,673

Interest-bearing deposits:
 
 
 
 
Demand, savings and money market deposits
 
881,922

 
849,828

Time deposits of $100,000 or more
 
322,964

 
394,431

Other time deposits
 
512,997

 
650,179

Total deposits
 
1,982,253

 
2,129,111

Retail repurchase agreements
 
9,433

 
8,838

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
 
58,339

 
58,370

Junior subordinated debentures
 
56,702

 
56,702

Other liabilities
 
24,465

 
25,980

Liabilities from discontinued operations
 

 
1,092

Total Liabilities
 
2,131,192

 
2,280,093

Shareholders' Equity
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock Series A, $10.00 par value; authorized 200,000 shares, no shares issued and outstanding in 2012 and 2011
 

 

Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, authorized 15,000,000 shares, no shares issued and outstanding in 2012 and 2011
 

 

Common stock, no par value; authorized 2,500,000,000 shares, issued 21,588,056 shares
in 2012 and 21,102,668 shares in 2011
 
460,953

 
455,166

Accumulated deficit
 
(355,891
)
 
(322,182
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
1,811

 
(3,969
)
Total Shareholders' Equity
 
106,873

 
129,015

Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
 
$
2,238,065

 
$
2,409,108

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

1


FNB United Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Interest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans
$
16,264

 
$
10,967

 
$
50,458

 
$
36,250

Interest and dividends on investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable income
2,667

 
2,166

 
8,238

 
6,963

Non-taxable income

 
49

 

 
346

Other interest income
276

 
173

 
936

 
456

Total interest income
19,207

 
13,355

 
59,632

 
44,015

Interest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
3,320

 
4,683

 
11,244

 
14,814

Retail repurchase agreements
6

 
11

 
23

 
43

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
391

 
609

 
1,057

 
2,010

Other borrowed funds
288

 
313

 
877

 
1,009

Total interest expense
4,005

 
5,616

 
13,201

 
17,876

Net Interest Income before Provision for Loan Losses
15,202

 
7,739

 
46,431

 
26,139

Provision for loan losses
32

 
7,181

 
10,877

 
60,944

Net Interest Income/(Loss) after Provision for Loan Losses
15,170

 
558

 
35,554

 
(34,805
)
Noninterest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service charges on deposit accounts
1,883

 
1,377

 
5,803

 
4,306

Mortgage loan income/(loss)
728

 
(116
)
 
1,051

 
(10
)
Cardholder and merchant services income
1,014

 
808

 
3,057

 
2,416

Trust and investment services
234

 
221

 
692

 
973

Bank owned life insurance
290

 
262

 
910

 
928

Other service charges, commissions and fees
252

 
198

 
777

 
554

Securities (loss)/gains, net
(33
)
 
7,393

 
1,923

 
7,308

Loss on fair value swap

 
(182
)
 

 
(13
)
Other income
275

 
119

 
788

 
484

Total noninterest income
4,643

 
10,080

 
15,001

 
16,946

Noninterest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personnel expense
9,717

 
6,453

 
30,245

 
19,178

Net occupancy expense
1,710

 
1,180

 
4,866

 
3,483

Furniture, equipment and data processing expense
2,012

 
1,561

 
6,008

 
4,780

Professional fees
1,336

 
1,339

 
3,709

 
4,218

Stationery, printing and supplies
152

 
100

 
446

 
317

Advertising and marketing
166

 
170

 
420

 
506

Other real estate owned expense
3,602

 
4,685

 
21,594

 
31,458

Credit/debit card expense
432

 
434

 
1,279

 
1,253

FDIC insurance
1,056

 
1,461

 
2,879

 
4,899

Loan collection expense
1,119

 
1,220

 
2,379

 
3,871

Merger-related expense
939

 
2,207

 
2,357

 
2,207

Core deposit intangible amortization
352

 
199

 
1,056

 
596

Other expense
2,009

 
2,191

 
7,127

 
5,512

Total noninterest expense
24,602

 
23,200

 
84,365

 
82,278

Loss from continuing operations, before income taxes
(4,789
)
 
(12,562
)
 
(33,810
)
 
(100,137
)
Income tax expense (benefit) - continuing operations
(77
)
 
1,328

 
(128
)
 
752

Loss from continuing operations, net of tax
(4,712
)
 
(13,890
)
 
(33,682
)
 
(100,889
)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(40
)
 
(27
)
 
(5,722
)
Net loss
(4,712
)
 
(13,930
)
 
(33,709
)
 
(106,611
)
Dividends on preferred stock

 
(1,093
)
 

 
(3,197
)
Net loss to common shareholders
(4,712
)
 
(15,023
)
 
$
(33,709
)
 
$
(109,808
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and diluted
21,588,027

 
114,320

 
21,294,727

 
114,277

Net loss per common share from continuing operations - basic and diluted
$
(0.22
)
 
$
(131.06
)
 
$
(1.58
)
 
$
(910.82
)
Net loss per common share from discontinued operations - basic and diluted

 
(0.35
)
 

 
(50.07
)
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted
(0.22
)
 
(131.41
)
 
(1.58
)
 
(960.89
)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2


FNB United Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
Net loss
$
(4,712
)
 
$
(13,930
)
Other comprehensive income:

 

Unrealized gains arising from termination of supplemental executive retirement plans
371

 

Unrealized holdings gains arising during the period on available-for-sale securities
5,633

 
3,612

 Tax effect
(2,225
)
 
(1,427
)
Unrealized holdings gains arising during the period on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
3,408

 
2,185

Reclassification adjustment for loss on available-for-sale securities included in net income
33

 
(7,393
)
     Tax effect
(13
)
 
2,920

Reclassification adjustment for loss on available-for-sale securities included in net income, net of tax
20

 
(4,473
)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
3,799

 
(2,288
)
Comprehensive loss
$
(913
)
 
$
(16,218
)

(dollars in thousands)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Net loss
 
$
(33,709
)
 
$
(106,611
)
Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gains arising from termination of supplemental executive retirement plans
 
371

 

Unrealized holdings gains arising during the period on available-for-sale securities
 
10,817

 
8,132

 Tax effect
 
(4,245
)
 
(3,212
)
Unrealized holdings gains arising during the period on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
 
6,572

 
4,920

Reclassification adjustment for (gain) loss on available-for-sale securities included in net income
 
(1,923
)
 
(7,308
)
     Tax effect
 
760

 
2,888

Reclassification adjustment for (gain) loss on available-for-sale securities included in net income, net of tax
 
(1,163
)
 
(4,420
)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
 
5,780

 
500

Comprehensive loss
 
$
(27,929
)
 
$
(106,111
)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


3


FNB United Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited)
For Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012 and 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retained
 
Accumulated
 
 
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common
 
Earnings/
 
Other
 
 
 
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock
 
Stock
 
(Accumulated
 
Comprehensive
 
 
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Warrant
 
Deficit)
 
Loss
 
Total
Balance, December 31, 2010
 
7,551,500

 
$
56,424

 
114,246

 
$
143,634

 
$
3,891

 
$
(229,095
)
 
$
(3,691
)
 
$
(28,837
)
Comprehensive loss:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 

 

 

 

 

 
(106,611
)
 

 
(106,611
)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
500

 
500

Total comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(106,111
)
Issuance of preferred stock, series A
 
5,000,000

 
5,000

 

 

 

 

 

 
5,000

Accretion of discount on preferred stock
 

 
571

 

 

 

 
(571
)
 

 

Stock options:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense recognized
 

 

 

 
16

 

 

 

 
16

Balance, September 30, 2011
 
12,551,500

 
$
61,995

 
114,246

 
$
143,650

 
$
3,891

 
$
(336,277
)
 
$
(3,191
)
 
$
(129,932
)
Balance, December 31, 2011
 

 
$

 
21,102,668

 
$
455,166

 
$

 
$
(322,182
)
 
$
(3,969
)
 
$
129,015

Comprehensive loss:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 

 

 

 

 

 
(33,709
)
 

 
(33,709
)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
5,780

 
5,780

Total comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(27,929
)
Stock options:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense recognized
 

 

 

 
1

 

 

 

 
1

Expense related to 2011 issuance of common stock
 

 

 

 
(913
)
 

 

 

 
(913
)
Return of common stock not received for fractional shares rounding purposes in the 1:100 reverse stock split
 

 

 
(586
)
 

 

 

 

 

Exercise of warrants related to stock offering
 

 

 
186

 
3

 

 

 

 
3

Stock offering, net of issuance costs of $158
 

 

 
485,788

 
6,696

 

 

 

 
6,696

Balance, September 30, 2012
 

 
$

 
21,588,056

 
$
460,953

 
$

 
$
(355,891
)
 
$
1,811

 
$
106,873


See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.    

4


FNB United Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
 (dollars in thousands)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Operating Activities
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
$
(33,709
)
 
$
(106,611
)
Net loss from discontinued operations
 
(27
)
 
(5,722
)
Net loss from continuing operations
 
(33,682
)
 
(100,889
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment
 
2,906

 
2,382

Provision for loan losses
 
10,877

 
60,944

Deferred income taxes
 
(128
)
 
333

Deferred loan fees and costs, net
 
(3,432
)
 
1,755

Premium amortization and discount accretion of investment securities, net
 
6,547

 
2,746

Net gain on sale of investment securities
 
(1,923
)
 
(7,308
)
Amortization of core deposit premiums
 
1,056

 
596

Net accretion of purchase accounting adjustments
 
(19,661
)
 

Adjustment to goodwill
 
(300
)
 

Stock compensation expense
 
1

 
16

Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance, net
 
(967
)
 
(817
)
Loans held for sale:
 
 
 
 
Origination of loans held for sale
 
(40,078
)
 

Net proceeds from sale of loans held for sale
 
32,425

 
(10
)
Net loss/(gain) on sale of loans held for sale
 
(559
)
 
10

Mortgage servicing rights amortization and impairment
 

 
145

Net loss on sales and write-downs of other real estate owned
 
16,091

 
27,683

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Decrease in accrued interest receivable and other assets
 
431

 
13,836

Increase (decrease) in accrued interest payable and other liabilities
 
(2,742
)
 
6,341

Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities of continuing operations
 
(33,138
)
 
7,763

Net effect of discontinued operations
 
(874
)
 
31,768

Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities
 
(34,012
)
 
39,531

Investing Activities
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from sales
 
133,241

 
290,185

Proceeds from maturities, calls and principal repayments
 
120,718

 
50,047

Purchases
 
(309,221
)
 
(228,785
)
Net (increase)/decrease in loans held for investment
 
(32,856
)
 
173,938

Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned
 
37,528

 
39,521

Purchases of premises and equipment
 
(1,862
)
 
(2,522
)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment
 
36

 

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities of continuing operations
 
(52,416
)
 
322,384

Net effect of discontinued operations
 

 
22

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
 
(52,416
)
 
322,406

Financing Activities
 
 
 
 
Net decrease in deposits
 
(145,465
)
 
(130,754
)
Increase (decrease) in retail repurchase agreements
 
595

 
(2,737
)
Decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank advances
 
(31
)
 
(25,029
)
Expenses paid in 2012 related to 2011 capital raise
 
(913
)
 

Issuance of common stock, net of expense
 
6,696

 

Net cash used in financing activities of continuing operations
 
(139,118
)
 
(158,520
)
Net effect of discontinued operations
 

 

Net cash used in financing activities
 
(139,118
)
 
(158,520
)
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
(225,546
)
 
203,417

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
 
553,416

 
160,594

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
 
$
327,870

 
$
364,011

 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
 

 
 
Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
 
Interest
 
$
13,982

 
$
17,516

Noncash transactions:
 
 
 
 
Foreclosed loans transferred to other real estate owned
 
23,647

 
101,245

Loans to facilitate the sale of other real estate owned
 
778

 

Transfer of loans from held for investment to held for sale
 
600

 

Transfer of loans from held for sale to held for investment
 
1,119

 

Unrealized securities gains/(losses), net of income taxes
 
5,409

 
500

Conversion of subordinated debt to preferred stock
 

 
(5,000
)
Issuance of preferred stock in subordinated debt conversion
 

 
5,000

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5



FNB United Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation
Nature of Operations
FNB United Corp., we or us (which also refers to FNB and our subsidiaries on a consolidated basis) ("FNB"), is a bank holding company incorporated in 1984 under the laws of the State of North Carolina. We own two bank subsidiaries: CommunityOne Bank, N.A. (“CommunityOne”), a national banking association headquartered in Asheboro, North Carolina and, through Bank of Granite Corporation (“Granite Corp.”), Bank of Granite (“Granite”), a state chartered bank headquartered in Granite Falls, North Carolina.
Through our bank subsidiaries, we offer a complete line of consumer, wealth management, mortgage and business banking services, including loan, deposit, cash management, investment management and trust services, to individual and business customers through operations located throughout central, southern and western North Carolina, including the counties of Alamance, Alexander, Ashe, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, Chatham, Gaston, Guilford, Iredell, Mecklenburg, Montgomery, Moore, Orange, Randolph, Richmond, Rowan, Scotland, Watauga and Wilkes. Management believes that the banks have a relatively stable deposit base and no material amount of deposits is obtained from a single depositor or group of depositors, including federal, state and local governments.
CommunityOne owns two subsidiaries: Dover Mortgage Company (“Dover”) and First National Investor Services, Inc. Dover previously engaged in the business of originating, underwriting and closing mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market. Dover ceased operations in the first quarter of 2011 and filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on February 15, 2012. First National Investor Services, Inc. holds deeds of trust for CommunityOne. Through Granite Corp., we also own Granite Mortgage, Inc., which ceased mortgage operations in 2009 and filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on February 15, 2012. FNB also owns FNB United Statutory Trust I, FNB United Statutory Trust II, and Catawba Valley Capital Trust II, which were formed to facilitate the issuance of trust preferred securities.
On October 21, 2011, as part of the recapitalization of FNB, FNB acquired Granite Corp., through the merger of a wholly owned subsidiary of FNB merging into Granite Corp. (the "Merger"). The Merger was part of FNB's recapitalization strategy.
General
The accompanying consolidated financial statements, prepared without audit, include the accounts of FNB and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Descriptions of the organization and business of FNB, accounting policies followed by FNB and other relevant information are contained in FNB's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, as amended by its Amendment No. 1 (the "Form 10-K"), including the notes to the consolidated financial statements filed as part of that report. This quarterly report should be read in conjunction with the Form 10-K.
In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements contain all the adjustments, all of which are normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial position of FNB as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
All financial information is reported on a continuing operations basis, unless otherwise noted. See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion regarding discontinued operations and certain assets and liabilities at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.
Use of Estimates
We have made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period to prepare these consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates subject to change in the near term include, among other items, the allowances for loan losses (“ALL”), the carrying value of other real estate owned (“OREO”), the carrying value of intangible assets, the fair value of net assets acquired in the Merger and the realization of deferred tax assets.
Reclassification
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period consolidated financial statements to place them on a comparable basis with the current period consolidated financial statements. These reclassifications have no effect on net income or shareholders' equity as previously reported.
During the first quarter of 2012, FNB implemented a purchased loan accounting system and finalized its methodology to allocate the fair value of purchased impaired loans in pools to individual loans for purposes of several of the loan disclosure tables in Note 5 to the

6


consolidated financial statements. In order to present these tables for prior periods on a comparable basis to current period tables in these consolidated financial statements, we have reclassified certain amounts as of December 31, 2011 in the tables between loan portfolio segments and classes, between purchased contractual and purchased impaired loans, and between risk grade categories. These reclassifications have no effect on net income, the loan fair value mark, total loans or shareholders' equity as of or for the period ended December 31, 2011.
Subsequent Events
Subsequent events are events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued. Recognized subsequent events are events or transactions that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements. Non-recognized subsequent events are events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the balance sheet but arose after that date. Management has reviewed events occurring through the date of this filing and has concluded that no subsequent events have occurred requiring accrual or disclosure in addition to that included herein.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Disclosures about Fair Value - Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-04 was issued in May 2011 to amend the Fair Value Measurement topic of the Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") by clarifying the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements and by changing particular principles or requirements for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements. The amendment was effective for FNB on January 1, 2012, and the related disclosures are presented in Note 9.
Comprehensive Income - The Comprehensive Income topic of the ASC was amended in June 2011. The amendment eliminates the option to present other comprehensive income as a part of the statement of changes in shareholders' equity and requires consecutive presentation of the statement of net income and other comprehensive income. The amendments were to become applicable to FNB on January 1, 2012 and were to be applied retrospectively. In December 2011, the topic was further amended to defer the effective date of presenting reclassification adjustments from other comprehensive income to net income on the face of the financial statements. Companies should continue to report reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income consistent with the presentation requirements in effect prior to the amendments while FASB redeliberates future requirements. The remaining provisions of this update took effect for FNB on January 1, 2012.
Goodwill - The Intangibles - Goodwill and Other topic of the ASC was amended in September 2011. The amendments in this Update allow an entity the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessment, an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, they will have to perform the first step of the two-step impairment test. Under the amendments in this Update, an entity has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. An entity may resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The amendment was effective for FNB on January 1, 2012, and has not had a material impact on the financial statements of FNB.
2. Discontinued Operations
All operations of Dover, a subsidiary of CommunityOne, were discontinued as of March 17, 2011. Dover, acquired by FNB in 2003, originated, underwrote and closed mortgage loans for sale into the secondary market. It maintained a retail origination network based in Charlotte, North Carolina, which originated loans for properties located in North Carolina. Dover also engaged in the wholesale mortgage origination business and conducted retail mortgage origination business outside of North Carolina. Operations outside of the State of North Carolina and the wholesale mortgage origination business were discontinued in February 2011, and all remaining operations were discontinued on March 17, 2011. Dover filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on February 15, 2012 in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of North Carolina. All of the assets and liabilities of Dover were written off at that time.
The results of operations of a component of an entity that has been disposed of shall be reported in discontinued operations if both the operations and cash flows of the component have been, or will be, eliminated from ongoing operations of the entity as a result of the disposal transaction and the entity will not have any significant continuing involvement in the operations of the component after the disposal transaction. As a result, the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Statements of Operations and Statement of Cash Flows for all periods reflect retrospective application of Dover's classification as a discontinued operation.
Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations at the dates indicated were as follows:

7


(dollars in thousands)
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
Assets
 
 
 
 
Loans held for sale
 
$

 
$
233

Premises and equipment, net
 

 
5

Other real estate owned
 

 

Other assets
 

 
7

Assets of discontinued operations
 
$

 
$
245

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
 
$

 
$
1,092

Liabilities of discontinued operations
 
$

 
$
1,092

Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, at the dates indicated were as follows:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Interest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans
 
$

 
$
12

 
$


$
67

Total interest income
 

 
12

 

 
67

Interest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other borrowed funds
 

 

 

 

Total interest expense
 

 

 

 

Net Interest Income before Provision for Loan Losses
 

 
12

 

 
67

Provision for loan losses
 

 

 

 

Net Interest Income after Provision for Loan Losses
 

 
12

 

 
67

Noninterest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loan loss
 

 
(2
)
 

 
(167
)
Other service charges, commissions and fees, net
 

 

 

 
(11
)
Other income
 

 

 

 
10

Total noninterest loss
 

 
(2
)
 

 
(168
)
Noninterest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personnel expense
 

 
(1
)
 
1

 
1,442

Net occupancy expense
 

 
5

 
1

 
216

Furniture, equipment and data processing expense
 

 
14

 

 
185

Professional fees
 

 
31

 
25

 
209

Stationery, printing and supplies
 

 

 

 
8

Advertising and marketing
 

 
(1
)
 

 
27

Other real estate owned expense
 

 

 

 
166

Provision for recourse loans
 

 
(8
)
 

 
3,317

Other expense
 

 
10

 

 
264

Total noninterest expense
 

 
50

 
27

 
5,834

Loss before income taxes
 

 
(40
)
 
(27
)
 
(5,935
)
Income tax (benefit)/expense
 

 

 

 
(213
)
Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
$

 
$
(40
)
 
$
(27
)
 
$
(5,722
)
All financial information in the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements reflects continuing operations, unless otherwise noted.


8


3. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We have accounted for the Merger as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. As a result, we have recognized in our financial statements the identifiable net assets acquired and an amount of goodwill (representing the difference between the purchase price and the identifiable net assets). During the measurement period following a business combination, the amount of identifiable net assets recognized is subject to further adjustment to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date. GAAP requires that the measurement period cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date.
Goodwill and other intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives generated from purchase business combinations are not subject to amortization and are instead tested for impairment no less than annually. Impairment exists when the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. An impairment loss would be recognized in an amount equal to that excess and would be included in noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. None of the goodwill recognized in the Merger is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
During the first quarter of 2012, we recognized $0.3 million in additional goodwill from the Merger. This additional amount was due to new valuations received on OREO acquired in the Merger, which were written down to our best estimate of fair value.
Our intangible assets with definite lives are core deposit premiums ("CDP") and mortgage servicing rights ("MSR"). CDPs are amortized over their useful lives to their estimated residual value and reviewed for impairment at least quarterly. The amortization expense represents the estimated decline in the value of the underlying deposits. MSRs are amortized over the expected lives of the underlying mortgages including prepayment estimates.
4. Investment Securities
The primary objective of FNB's management of the investment portfolio is to maintain a portfolio of high quality, highly liquid investments yielding competitive returns. FNB is required under federal regulations to maintain adequate liquidity to ensure safe and sound operations. FNB maintains investment balances based on a continuing assessment of cash flows, the level of loan production, current interest rate risk strategies and an assessment of the potential future direction of market interest rate changes. Investment securities differ in terms of default, interest rate, liquidity and expected rate of return risks.
The following table summarizes the amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale investment securities and presents the related gross unrealized gains and losses:

9


September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Obligations of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
6,648

 
$
274

 
$

 
$
6,922

U.S. government sponsored enterprises
 
22,128

 
57

 

 
22,185

States and political subdivisions
 
5,952

 
110

 

 
6,062

Residential mortgage-backed securities-GSE
 
359,241

 
8,666

 
140

 
367,767

Residential mortgage-backed securities-Private
 
23,601

 
594

 
473

 
23,722

Commercial mortgage backed securities-GSE
 
23,245

 
3

 

 
23,248

Commercial mortgage-backed securities-Private
 
5,312

 
48

 

 
5,360

Corporate notes
 
36,852

 
308

 
40

 
37,120

Total
 
$
482,979

 
$
10,060

 
$
653

 
$
492,386

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Obligations of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
7,081

 
$
107

 
$

 
$
7,188

U.S. government sponsored enterprises
 
32,479

 
36

 
151

 
32,364

States and political subdivisions
 
6,075

 
16

 
1

 
6,090

Residential mortgage-backed securities-GSE
 
348,884

 
2,611

 
1,222

 
350,273

Residential mortgage-backed securities-Private
 
33,111

 
73

 
967

 
32,217

Corporate notes
 
3,206

 

 
32

 
3,174

Total
 
$
430,836

 
$
2,843

 
$
2,373

 
$
431,306

CommunityOne and Granite, as members of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”), are required to own capital stock in the FHLB based generally upon the balances of total assets and FHLB advances. FHLB capital stock is pledged to secure FHLB advances. This investment is carried at cost since no ready market exists for FHLB stock and there is no quoted market value. However, redemption of this stock has historically been at par value. The combined banks owned a total of $6.3 million of FHLB stock at September 30, 2012 and at December 31, 2011. Due to the redemption provisions of FHLB stock, FNB estimated that fair value approximated cost and that this investment was not impaired at September 30, 2012. FHLB stock is included in other assets at its original cost basis.
CommunityOne, as a member bank of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond (“FRBR”), is required to own capital stock of the FRBR based upon a percentage of the bank's common stock and surplus. This investment is carried at cost since no ready market exists for FRBR stock and there is no quoted market value. At both September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, CommunityOne owned a total of $3.7 million, of FRBR stock. Due to the nature of this investment in an entity of the U.S. government, FNB estimated that fair value approximated the cost and that this investment was not impaired at September 30, 2012. FRBR stock is included in other assets at its original cost basis.
At September 30, 2012, $93.4 million of the investment securities portfolio was pledged to secure public deposits, $14.5 million was pledged to retail repurchase agreements, $4.0 million was pledged to the FRBR and $2.1 million was pledged to others, leaving $378.4 million available as lendable collateral.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, the banks sold securities with a book value of $21.4 million and $134.1 million respectively, and recognized a loss of $(33) thousand and a gain of $1.9 million, respectively. The banks sold these securities in order to modify our interest rate sensitivity profile and to eliminate below-investment grade securities. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the banks sold securities with a book value of $252.7 million and $282.9 million respectively, and recognized a gain of $7.4 million and $7.3 million, respectively.
The following tables show our investments' estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011. All unrealized losses on investment securities are considered by management to be temporary given the credit ratings on these investment securities or the short duration of the unrealized loss or both.

10


 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
(dollars in thousands)
Estimated Fair Value
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Gross Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities-GSE
$
5,599

$
24

 
$
19,275

$
117

 
$
24,874

$
141

Residential mortgage-backed securities-Private
7,858

472

 


 
7,858

472

Corporate notes
3,219

40

 


 
3,219

40

Total
$
16,676

$
536

 
$
19,275

$
117

 
$
35,951

$
653

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
(dollars in thousands)
Estimated Fair Value
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Gross Unrealized Losses
December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligations of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises
$
21,248

$
151

 
$

$

 
$
21,248

$
151

States and political subdivisions
1,907

1

 


 
1,907

1

Residential mortgage-backed securities-GSE
89,730

1,042

 
16,552

180

 
106,282

1,222

Residential mortgage-backed securities-Private
21,519

967

 


 
21,519

967

Corporate notes
3,173

32

 


 
3,173

32

Total
$
137,577

$
2,193

 
$
16,552

$
180

 
$
154,129

$
2,373

At September 30, 2012, 7 available-for-sale securities were in an unrealized loss position less than 12 months compared to 32 at December 31, 2011. At September 30, 2012, there were 4 available-for-sale securities that were in an unrealized loss position for longer than 12 months, compared to seven at December 31, 2011.
If an entity intends to sell a debt security or cannot assert it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the security before recovery, other than temporary impairment ("OTTI") must be taken. If the entity does not intend to sell the debt security before recovery, but the entity does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis, then OTTI must be taken, but the amount of impairment is to be bifurcated between impairment due to credit (which is recorded through earnings) and noncredit impairment (which becomes a component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) for both available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities). For held-to-maturity securities, the amount in OCI will be amortized prospectively over the security's remaining life. FNB did not have any OTTI during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011.
FNB analyzed its securities portfolio at September 30, 2012, paying particular attention to its private label mortgage-backed securities. After considering ratings, fair value, cash flows and other factors, FNB does not believe securities to be other-than-temporary impaired.
The aggregate amortized cost and fair value of securities at September 30, 2012, by remaining contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Actual expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.

 
 
Available-for-Sale
(dollars in thousands)
 
Amortized Cost
 
Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less
 
$
8,372

 
$
8,412

Due after one one year through five years
 
53,301

 
53,736

Due after five years through 10 years
 
3,259

 
3,219

Due after 10 years
 
6,648

 
6,922

Total
 
71,580

 
72,289

Mortgage-backed securities
 
411,399

 
420,097

Total
 
$
482,979

 
$
492,386



11


5. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
General

Loans held for investment are stated at the principal amounts outstanding adjusted for purchase premiums/discounts, deferred net loan fees and costs, and unearned income.  FNB reports its loan portfolio by segment and classes, which are disaggregations of portfolio segments.  FNB's portfolio segments are:  Commercial and agricultural, Real estate, and Consumer loans.  The Commercial and agricultural loan and Consumer loan portfolios are not further segregated into classes.  The classes within the Real estate portfolio segment include Real estate - construction and Real estate mortgage, broken into 1-4 family residential mortgage and Commercial real estate mortgage loans.

Loan fees and the incremental direct costs associated with originating loans are deferred and subsequently recognized over the life of the loan as an adjustment to interest income.
In addition to originating loans we also purchase loans. At acquisition purchased loans are designated as either purchased contractual loans ("PC loans") or purchased impaired loans ("PI loans"). PC loans are acquired loans where management believes it is probable that it will receive all principal as of the date of acquisition.  These loans are accounted for under the contractual cash flow method, under ASC 310-20. Any discount or premium paid on PC loans is recorded in interest income using the effective yield method over the expected life of the loans.
PI loans are acquired loans where management believes, at acquisition date, it is probable that all principal on the acquired loans will not be received.  PI loans are placed in homogeneous risk based pools where accounting for projected cash flows is performed, as allowed under ASC 310-30.  Once a pool is established the individual loans within each pool do not change.  As management obtains new information related to changes in expected principal loss and expected cash flows, by pool, we record either an increase in yield when new expected cash flows increase, an allowance for loan losses when new expected cash flows decline, or a decrease in yield when there is only a timing difference in expected cash flows.  
Loans acquired in the Merger ("Granite Purchased Loans") included PI loans and PC loans. Loans designated as PC loans included performing revolving consumer and performing revolving commercial loans on acquisition date.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, CommunityOne purchased $137.4 million of performing residential mortgage loans, including premiums of $3.7 million. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, Granite purchased $35.8 million of performing residential mortgage loans, including a premium of $0.3 million, These loan purchases are accounted for as PC loans.
ALL Methodology
FNB's Allowance for Loan Losses ("ALL"), which is utilized to absorb actual losses in the loan portfolio, is maintained at a level consistent with management's best estimate of probable loan losses to be incurred as of the balance sheet date. Management assesses FNB's ALL quarterly. This assessment includes a methodology that separates the total loan portfolio into homogeneous loan classifications for purposes of evaluating risk. The required allowance is calculated by applying a risk adjusted reserve requirement to the dollar volume of loans within a homogenous group. For purposes of the ALL, FNB has grouped its loans into pools according to the loan segmentation regime employed on schedule RC-C of the FFIEC's Consolidated Report of Condition and Income. Major loan portfolio subgroups include: risk graded commercial loans, mortgage loans, home equity loans, retail loans and retail credit lines. Management also analyzes the loan portfolio on an ongoing basis to evaluate current risk levels, and risk grades are adjusted accordingly. While management uses the best information available to make evaluations, future adjustments may be necessary, if economic or other conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used.
As of September 30, 2012, FNB has elected to change the method it uses to calculate the historical loss rates and qualitative and environmental factors in its ALL. FNB had previously calculated the ALL using historical loss factors based on the risk-graded pool to which the loss was assigned at quarter-end four quarters prior to the loss. Historical loss rates are now calculated by associating losses to the risk-graded pool to which they relate for each of the previous eight quarters. Then, using a 24-quarter look back period, loss factors are calculated for each risk-graded pool.

In addition to FNB's ability to use its own historical loss data and migration between risk grades, it has also set up a more rigorous process for computing the qualitative factors that impact the ALL. A committee, independent of the historical loss migration team, reviews risk factors that may impact the ALL. Some factors are statistically quantifiable, such as concentration, growth, delinquency, and nonaccrual risk by loan type, while other factors are qualitative in nature, such as staff competency, competition within our markets, economic and regulatory changes impacting the loans held for investment.

The impact of the change in methodology to the third quarter earnings and to the ALL was to reduce the provision for loan losses and the ALL by an immaterial amount.


12


FNB lends primarily in North Carolina. As of September 30, 2012, a substantial majority of the principal amount of the loans held for investment in its portfolio was to businesses and individuals in North Carolina. This geographic concentration subjects the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within this area. The risks created by this concentration have been considered by management in the determination of the adequacy of the ALL. Management believes the ALL is adequate to cover estimated losses on loans at each balance sheet date.

During the three month period ended September 30, 2012, FNB charged off $9.3 million in loans and realized $1.6 million in recoveries, for $7.7 million of net charge-offs. The majority of the loans charged off were loans that had been in impairment status and had specific reserves assigned in prior periods.

The ALL, as a percentage of loans held for investment, was 2.51% at September 30, 2012, compared to 4.95% at September 30, 2011. At December 31, 2011, the ALL, as a percentage of loans held for investment, was 3.23%.

Risk Grades

The risk-grade categories presented in the following table, which are standard categories used by the bank regulators, are:

Pass - Loans categorized as Pass are higher quality loans that have adequate sources of repayment and little risk of collection.
Special Mention - A Special Mention loan has potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution's credit position at some future date. Special Mention loans are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.
Substandard - A Substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that FNB will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of Substandard loans, does not have to exist in individual assets classified Substandard.
Doubtful - A loan classified as Doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage of strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans.
Loans categorized as Special Mention or worse are considered Criticized. Loans categorized as Substandard or Doubtful are considered Classified. Purchased loans acquired in the Merger are recorded at estimated fair value on the date of acquisition without the carryover of related ALL. The table below includes $70.0 million and $63.6 million in Granite Purchased Loans categorized as Substandard or Doubtful at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

13


The following table presents loans held for investment balances by risk grade as of September 30, 2012:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Pass
 
Special Mention
 
Substandard
 
Doubtful
 
 
 
 
(Ratings 1-5)
 
(Rating 6)
 
(Rating 7)
 
(Rating 8)
 
Total
Commercial and agricultural
 
$
60,547

 
$
3,964

 
$
8,154

 
$
4

 
$
72,669

Real estate - construction
 
38,622

 
1,944

 
20,697

 

 
61,263

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
534,269

 
17,873

 
37,844

 
265

 
590,251

Commercial
 
302,943

 
57,647

 
102,439

 
144

 
463,173

Consumer
 
43,612

 
188

 
374

 
265

 
44,439

Total
 
$
979,993

 
$
81,616

 
$
169,508

 
$
678

 
$
1,231,795

The following table presents loans held for investment balances by risk grade as of December 31, 2011:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Pass
 
Special Mention
 
Substandard
 
Doubtful
 
 
 
 
(Ratings 1-5)
 
(Rating 6)
 
(Rating 7)
 
(Rating 8)
 
Total
Commercial and agricultural
 
$
77,305

 
$
7,373

 
$
9,921

 
$
490

 
$
95,089

Real estate - construction
 
53,105

 
5,797

 
33,886

 
18

 
92,806

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
385,022

 
25,864

 
42,630

 
209

 
453,725

Commercial
 
351,731

 
91,364

 
87,971

 
317

 
531,383

Consumer
 
43,487

 
279

 
387

 
379

 
44,532

Total
 
$
910,650

 
$
130,677

 
$
174,795

 
$
1,413

 
$
1,217,535

Loans included in the preceding loan composition table are net of participations sold. Loans are increased by net loan premiums and deferred loan discounts or fees of $2.6 million at September 30, 2012. Loans are decreased by net deferred loan discounts or fees of $1.8 million at December 31, 2011.
At September 30, 2012 loans held for sale consisted of originated residential mortgage loans held for sale at the lower of cost or fair market value. At December 31, 2011, loans held for sale consisted of nonperforming loans transferred from loans held for investment under sales contracts recorded at the contractual sales price.
Loans serviced for others are not included in the consolidated balance sheet. The unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others amounted to $33.6 million at September 30, 2012 and $2.0 million at December 31, 2011.
Loans Pledged
To borrow from the FHLB, members must pledge collateral to secure advances and letters of credit. Acceptable collateral includes, among other types of collateral, a variety of residential, multifamily, home equity lines and second mortgages, and commercial loans. Gross loans of $293.1 million and $339.4 million were pledged to collateralize FHLB advances and letters of credit at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, of which there was $23.9 million and $69.5 million of credit availability for borrowing, respectively. At September 30, 2012, $40.9 million of loans and $4.0 million of securities were pledged to collateralize potential borrowings from the Federal Reserve Discount Window, of which $26.2 million was available as borrowing capacity.
Nonaccruing and Impaired Loans
Interest income on loans is calculated by using the interest method based on the daily outstanding balance. The recognition of interest income is discontinued when, in management's opinion, the collection of all or a portion of interest becomes doubtful. Loans are returned to accrual status when the factors indicating doubtful collectability cease to exist and the loan has performed in accordance with its terms for a demonstrated period of time. The past due status of loans is based on the contractual payment terms. Had nonaccruing loans been on accruing status, interest income would have been higher by $1.5 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, respectively, and higher by $2.9 million and $7.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, respectively. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, FNB had certain impaired loans of $85.1 million and $103.0 million, respectively, which were on nonaccruing interest status.

14


All loan classes are considered past due when the contractual amounts due with respect to principal and interest are not received within 30 days of the contractual due date. When FNB cannot reasonably expect full and timely repayment of its loan, the loan is placed on nonaccrual.
All loan classes on which principal or interest is in default for 90 days or more are put on nonaccrual status, unless there is sufficient documentation to conclude that the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. A debt is "well-secured" if collateralized by liens on or pledges of real or personal property, including securities, that have a realizable value sufficient to discharge the debt in full; or by the guarantee of a financially responsible party. A debt is "in process of collection" if collection is proceeding in due course either through legal action, including judgment enforcement procedures, or, in appropriate circumstances, through collection efforts not involving legal action that are reasonably expected to result in repayment of the debt or its restoration to a current status.
Loans that are less than 90 days delinquent may also be placed on nonaccrual if deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower has increased the probability of less than full repayment.
At the time a loan is placed on nonaccrual, all accrued, unpaid interest is charged off, unless it is documented that repayment of all principal and presently accrued but unpaid interest is probable. Charge-offs of accrued and unpaid interest are charged against the current year's interest income and not against the current ALL.
For all loan classes, a nonaccrual loan may be returned to accrual status when FNB can reasonably expect continued timely payments until payment in full. All prior arrearage does not have to be eliminated, nor do all previously charged-off amounts need to have been recovered, but the loan can still be returned to accrual status if the following conditions are met: (1) all principal and interest amounts contractually due (including arrearage) are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period; and (2) there is a sustained period of repayment performance (generally a minimum of six months) by the borrower, in accordance with the contractual terms involving payments of cash or cash equivalents.
For all classes within all loan portfolios, cash receipts received on nonaccrual loans are applied entirely against principal until the loan or lease has been collected in full, after which time any additional cash receipts are recognized as interest income.
For all loan classes, as soon as any loan becomes uncollectible, the loan will be charged down or charged off as follows:
If unsecured, the loan must be charged off in full.
If secured, the outstanding principal balance of the loan should be charged down to the net liquidation value of the collateral.
Loans should be considered uncollectible when:
No regularly scheduled payment has been made within four months and the determination is made that any further payment is unlikely, or
The loan is unsecured, the borrower has filed for bankruptcy protection and there is no other (guarantor, etc.) support from an entity outside of the bankruptcy proceedings.
Based on a variety of credit, collateral and documentation issues, loans with lesser degrees of delinquency or obvious loss may also be deemed uncollectible.
The following table presents an aging analysis of accruing and nonaccruing loans as of September 30, 2012:
 
 
Past Due
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
PI Loans
 
 
 
90 or more
 
 
30-59 Days
 
60-89 Days
 
90 or More Days
 
Total
 
Current
 
No credit deterior- ation
 
Credit deterior-ation
 
Total Loans
 
days past due and Accruing
Commercial and agricultural
 
$
927

 
$
832

 
$
2,511

 
$
4,270

 
$
51,718

 
$
1,021

 
$
15,660

 
$
72,669

 
$
671

Real estate - construction
 
605

 
1,503

 
15,842

 
17,950

 
40,549

 
543

 
2,221

 
61,263

 

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
972

 
2,772

 
13,942

 
17,686

 
530,027

 
39,943

 
2,595

 
590,251

 
58

Commercial
 
3,221

 
1,872

 
31,316

 
36,409

 
237,940

 
177,533

 
11,291

 
463,173

 
339

Consumer
 
174

 
13

 
113

 
300

 
42,741

 
1,364

 
34

 
44,439

 
3

Total
 
$
5,899

 
$
6,992

 
$
63,724

 
$
76,615

 
$
902,975

 
$
220,404

 
$
31,801

 
$
1,231,795

 
$
1,071

The following table presents an aging analysis of accruing and nonaccruing loans as of December 31, 2011:

15


 
 
Past Due
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
PI Loans
 
 
 
90 or more
 
 
30-59 Days
 
60-89 Days
 
90 or More Days
 
Total
 
Current
 
No credit deterior- ation
 
Credit deterior-ation
 
Total Loans
 
days past due and Accruing
Commercial and agricultural
 
$
335

 
$
425

 
$
2,755

 
$
3,515

 
$
62,702

 
$
28,872

 
$

 
$
95,089

 
$
305

Real estate - construction
 
1,850

 
2,206

 
21,438

 
25,494

 
59,671

 
7,641

 

 
92,806

 
1,400

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
4,544

 
2,253

 
14,125

 
20,922

 
379,909

 
52,894

 

 
453,725

 
292

Commercial
 
2,926

 
6,645

 
16,330

 
25,901

 
265,861

 
239,621

 

 
531,383

 
1,003

Consumer
 
740

 
278

 
63

 
1,081

 
41,643

 
1,808

 

 
44,532

 

Total
 
$
10,395

 
$
11,807

 
$
54,711

 
$
76,913

 
$
809,786

 
$
330,836

 
$

 
$
1,217,535

 
$
3,000

A loan is considered impaired, based on current information and events, if it is probable that FNB will be unable to collect the scheduled payments or principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.If the loan has been modified to provide relief to the borrower, the loan is deemed to be impaired if all principal and interest will not be repaid according to the original contract. All loans meeting the definition of Doubtful should be considered impaired.
When a loan has been determined to be impaired, the amount of the impairment is measured using the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, as a practical expedient, the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. When the present value of expected future cash flows is used, the effective interest rate is the original contractual interest rate of the loan adjusted for any premium or discount. When the contractual interest rate is variable, the effective interest rate of the loan changes over time. A specific reserve is established as a component of the ALL when a loan has been determined to be impaired. Subsequent to the initial measurement of impairment, if there is a significant change to the impaired loan's expected future cash flows, or if actual cash flows are significantly different from the cash flows previously estimated, FNB recalculates the impairment and appropriately adjusts the specific reserve. Similarly, if FNB measures impairment based on the observable market price of an impaired loan or the fair value of the collateral of an impaired collateral-dependent loan, FNB will adjust the specific reserve if there is a significant change in either of those bases.
When a loan is impaired and principal and interest is in doubt when contractually due, interest income is not recognized. Cash receipts received on nonaccruing impaired loans within any class are generally applied entirely against principal until the loan has been collected in full, after which time any additional cash receipts are recognized as interest income. Cash receipts received on accruing impaired loans within any class are applied in the same manner as accruing loans that are not considered impaired.
The following table summarizes information relative to impaired loans for the quarters ended on the dates indicated:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
Associated Reserves
 
Balance
Associated Reserves
Impaired loans, held for sale
 
$

$

 
$
4,529

$

Impaired loans, not individually reviewed for impairment
 
7,274


 
5,127


Impaired loans, individually reviewed, with no impairment
 
72,402


 
53,884


Impaired loans, individually reviewed, with impairment
 
14,769

4,522

 
42,357

11,090

Total impaired loans, excluding purchased impaired *
 
$
94,445

$
4,522

 
$
105,897

$
11,090

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchased impaired loans with subsequent deterioration
 
$
31,801

3,296

 
$


Purchased impaired loans with no subsequent deterioration
 
$
220,404


 
$
330,836


Total Reserves
 
 
$
7,818

 
 
$
11,090

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average impaired loans calculated using a simple average
 
$
98,567

 
 
$
112,600

 
* Included at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were $3.6 million and $2.9 million, respectively, in restructured and performing loans.
The following table presents loans held for investment on nonaccrual status by loan class for the dates indicated below:

16


(dollars in thousands)
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Loans held for investment:
 
 
 
 
Commercial and agricultural
 
$
2,476

 
$
4,636

Real estate - construction
 
18,506

 
30,844

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
22,073

 
26,048

Commercial
 
41,794

 
36,666

Consumer
 
223

 
250

Total nonaccrual loans
 
$
85,072

 
$
98,444

Loans more than 90 days delinquent, still on accrual
 
$
1,071

 
$
3,000

Total nonperforming loans
 
$
86,143

 
$
101,444

The following table presents loans held for sale on nonaccrual status by loan class for the dates indicated below:
(dollars in thousands)
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Loans held for sale:
 
 
 
 
Real estate - construction
 
$

 
$
1,807

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 

 
517

Commercial
 

 
2,205

Consumer
 

 

Total
 
$

 
$
4,529



17


The following table presents individually reviewed impaired loans and purchased impaired loans with subsequent credit deterioration, segregated by portfolio segment, and the corresponding reserve for impaired loan losses as of September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
Unpaid
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Recorded
 
Principal
 
Related
 
 
Investment
 
Balance
 
Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
1,295

 
$
2,017

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
14,887

 
20,816

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
13,923

 
16,640

 

Commercial
 
42,297

 
50,861

 

  Consumer
 

 
234

 

Total
 
$
72,402

 
$
90,568

 
$

With an allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
1,272

 
$
1,280

 
$
815

  Real estate - construction
 
2,623

 
2,914

 
1,158

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
6,091

 
7,272

 
1,797

Commercial
 
4,683

 
4,758

 
652

  Consumer
 
100

 
100

 
100

Total
 
$
14,769

 
$
16,324

 
$
4,522

Total individually evaluated impaired loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
2,567

 
$
3,297

 
$
815

  Real estate - construction
 
17,510

 
23,730

 
1,158

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
20,014

 
23,912

 
1,797

Commercial
 
46,980

 
55,619

 
652

  Consumer
 
100

 
334

 
100

Total
 
$
87,171

 
$
106,892

 
$
4,522

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PI loans with subsequent credit deterioration:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
15,660

 
$
15,685

 
$
1,774

  Real estate - construction
 
2,221

 
2,195

 
135

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
     1-4 family residential
 
2,595

 
2,879

 
604

     Commercial
 
11,291

 
11,829

 
749

  Consumer
 
34

 
44

 
34

Total
 
$
31,801

 
$
32,632

 
$
3,296


18


The following table presents individually reviewed impaired loans, segregated by portfolio segment, and the corresponding reserve for impaired loan losses as of December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
Unpaid
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Recorded
 
Principal
 
Related
 
 
Investment
 
Balance
 
Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
2,354

 
$
4,346

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
16,351

 
25,714

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
13,003

 
19,657

 

Commercial
 
22,176

 
26,964

 

  Consumer
 

 
102

 

Total
 
$
53,884

 
$
76,783

 
$

With an allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
1,536

 
$
2,047

 
$
1,506

  Real estate - construction
 
14,109

 
14,718

 
4,899

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
11,883

 
12,328

 
2,140

Commercial
 
14,659

 
14,943

 
2,415

  Consumer
 
170

 
172

 
130

Total
 
$
42,357

 
$
44,208

 
$
11,090

Total individually evaluated impaired loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
3,890

 
$
6,393

 
$
1,506

  Real estate - construction
 
30,460

 
40,432

 
4,899

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
24,886

 
31,985

 
2,140

Commercial
 
36,835

 
41,907

 
2,415

  Consumer
 
170

 
274

 
130

Total
 
$
96,241

 
$
120,991

 
$
11,090


There were no PI loans with subsequent credit deterioration at December 31, 2011.

19


The following summary includes impaired loans individually reviewed as well as impaired loans held for sale. Average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans, segregated by portfolio segment, is shown in the following table as of September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011:
 
 
For Three Months Ended
 
For Three Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
 
Average
 
Interest
 
Average
 
Interest
(dollars in thousands)
 
Recorded
 
Income
 
Recorded
 
Income
 
 
Investment
 
Recognized
 
Investment
 
Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
1,557

 
$
56

 
$
2,417

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
15,484

 
104

 
29,789

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
14,265

 
81

 
13,585

 

Commercial
 
44,480

 
567

 
29,453

 

  Consumer
 
162

 
4

 
98

 

Total
 
$
75,948

 
$
812

 
$
75,342

 
$

With an allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
1,274

 
$
6

 
$
2,751

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
2,802

 
9

 
47,884

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
6,436

 
41

 
16,268

 

Commercial
 
4,689

 
27

 
21,647

 

  Consumer
 
100

 
1

 
311

 

Total
 
$
15,301

 
$
84

 
$
88,861

 
$

Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
2,831

 
$
62

 
$
5,168

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
18,286

 
113

 
77,673

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
20,701

 
122

 
29,853

 

Commercial
 
49,169

 
594

 
51,100

 

  Consumer
 
262

 
5

 
409

 

Total
 
$
91,249

 
$
896

 
$
164,203

 
$


20


 
 
For Nine Months Ended
 
For Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
 
Average
 
Interest
 
Average
 
Interest
(dollars in thousands)
 
Recorded
 
Income
 
Recorded
 
Income
 
 
Investment
 
Recognized
 
Investment
 
Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
1,879

 
$
152

 
$
3,305

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
18,140

 
350

 
49,617

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
15,096

 
292

 
18,628

 
1

Commercial
 
46,051

 
1,388

 
49,736

 
1

  Consumer
 
279

 
6

 
196

 

Total
 
$
81,445

 
$
2,188

 
$
121,482

 
$
2

With an allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
1,266

 
$
36

 
$
5,803

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
2,873

 
32

 
60,131

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
6,869

 
163

 
16,027

 

Commercial
 
4,687

 
145

 
42,990

 
1

  Consumer
 
95

 
2

 
231

 

Total
 
$
15,790

 
$
378

 
$
125,182

 
$
1

Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Commercial and agricultural
 
$
3,145

 
$
188

 
$
9,108

 
$

  Real estate - construction
 
21,013

 
382

 
109,748

 

  Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
 
21,965

 
455

 
34,655

 
1

Commercial
 
50,738

 
1,533

 
92,726

 
2

  Consumer
 
374

 
8

 
427

 

Total
 
$
97,235

 
$
2,566

 
$
246,664

 
$
3

Impaired loans also include loans for which FNB may elect to grant a concession, providing terms more favorable than those prevalent in the market (e.g., rate, amortization term), and formally restructure due to the weakening credit status of a borrower. Restructuring is designed to facilitate a repayment plan that minimizes the potential losses that FNB otherwise may have to incur. If these impaired loans are on nonaccruing status as of the date of restructuring, the loans are included in nonperforming loans. Nonperforming restructured loans will remain as nonperforming until the borrower can demonstrate adherence to the restructured terms for a period of no less than six months and when it is otherwise determined that continued adherence is reasonably assured. Some restructured loans continue as accruing loans after restructuring if the borrower is not past due at the time of restructuring, adequate collateral valuations support the restructured loans, and the cash flows of the underlying business appear adequate to support the restructured debt service. Not included in nonperforming loans are loans that have been restructured that were performing as of the restructure date. At September 30, 2012, there was $21.4 million in restructured loans, of which $3.6 million in loans were accruing and in a performing status. At December 31, 2011, there was $28.3 million in restructured loans, of which $2.9 million in loans were accruing and in a performing status.
Sale of Problem Loans
During 2011 and 2012, FNB sold loans to third party buyers in order to reduce its problem loan exposure. These loans were transferred to loans held for sale at the time FNB received a signed contract for the purchase of the loans. Prior to transferring these loans to loans held for sale, the loans were marked down to the contract price less associated selling costs. All transactions were conducted at arm's length and loans were sold without recourse.
The following table presents sold loans by portfolio segment for the periods indicated below:

21


 
For Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
For Three Months Ended September 30, 2011
(dollars in thousands)
Number
 
Recorded
 
Contract
 
Number
 
Recorded
 
Contract
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Pricing
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Pricing
Commercial and agricultural

 
$

 
$

 
9

 
$
217

 
$
1,238

Real estate - construction

 

 

 
8

 
6,406

 
4,927

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial
1

 
602

 
540

 
5

 
6,723

 
4,839

Consumer

 

 

 
1

 
96

 
190

Total
1

 
$
602

 
$
540

 
23

 
$
13,442

 
$
11,194

 
For Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
For Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011
(dollars in thousands)
Number
 
Recorded
 
Contract
 
Number
 
Recorded
 
Contract
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Pricing
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Pricing
Commercial and agricultural

 
$

 
$

 
14

 
$
3,505

 
$
3,190

Real estate - construction

 

 

 
13

 
16,723

 
11,899

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1-4 family residential
7

 
1,865

 
1,896

 
1

 
1,335

 
900

Commercial
2

 
4,402

 
4,590

 
8

 
12,071

 
10,186

Consumer

 

 

 
1

 
96

 
190

Total
9

 
$
6,267

 
$
6,486

 
37

 
$
33,730

 
$
26,365

During the three-month period ending September 30, 2012, one non-performing loan was placed under contract for sale, and was sold during the quarter.
Granite Purchased Loans
Granite Purchased Loans include PI Loans and PC Loans. PC Loans included performing revolving consumer and commercial loans on the acquisition date.
PI Loans are segregated into pools and recorded at estimated fair value on the date of acquisition without the carryover of the related ALL. PI Loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30 when the loans have evidence of credit deterioration since origination and it is probable at the date of acquisition we will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Evidence of credit quality deterioration as of the date of acquisition may include statistics such as past due status, nonaccrual status and risk grade. PI Loans generally meet FNB's definition for nonaccrual status; however, even if the borrower is not currently making payments, FNB will classify loans as accruing if we can reasonably estimate the amount and timing of future cash flows. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the nonaccretable difference.
Periodically, we estimate the expected cash flows for each pool of the PI Loans and evaluate whether the expected cash flows for each pool have changed from prior estimates. Decreases to the expected cash flows will generally result in a provision for loan losses. Subsequent increases in cash flows result in a reversal of the provision for loan losses to the extent of prior charges, or reclassification from nonaccretable difference to accretable yield with a positive impact on future interest income. Excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan when there is a reasonable expectation about the amount and timing of such cash flows.
We have elected to account for the Granite Purchased PI Loans under ASC 310-30 and the Granite Purchased PC Loans under ASC 310-20.
At September 30, 2012, our financial statements reflected a PI Loan ALL of $3.3 million and an ALL for originated and PC Loans of $0.5 million. All Granite Purchased PI Loans are presented on an accruing basis.
The following table presents the balance of all Granite Purchased Loans:

22


 
 
At September 30, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
Purchased Impaired
 
Purchased Contractual
 
Total Purchased Loans
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Commercial and agricultural
 
$
16,681

 
$
6,425

 
$
23,106

 
$
22,955

Real estate - construction
 
2,764

 

 
2,764

 
2,833

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   1-4 family residential
 
42,538

 
28,672

 
71,210

 
74,075

   Commercial
 
188,824

 

 
188,824

 
197,006

Consumer
 
1,398

 

 
1,398

 
1,284

       Total
 
$
252,205

 
$
35,097

 
$
287,302

 
$
298,153

 
 
At December 31, 2011
(dollars in thousands)
 
Purchased Impaired
 
Purchased Contractual
 
Total
Purchased Loans
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Commercial and agricultural
 
$
28,872

 
$
8,061

 
$
36,933

 
$
39,531

Real estate - construction
 
7,641

 

 
7,641

 
8,413

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   1-4 family residential
 
52,894

 
34,590

 
87,484

 
93,310

   Commercial
 
239,621

 

 
239,621

 
261,076

Consumer
 
1,808

 
1

 
1,809

 
1,800

       Total
 
$
330,836

 
$
42,652

 
$
373,488

 
$
404,130

The tables below include only those Granite Purchased Loans accounted for under the expected cash flow method (PI Loans) for the periods indicated. These tables do not include PC Loans, including Granite Purchased PC Loans or purchased performing residential mortgage loans.
 
 
For Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
For Nine Months Ended December 31, 2011
 
 
Purchased Impaired
 
Purchased Impaired
(dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Future
Accretion
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Future Accretion
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
330,836

 
$
47,804

 
$

 
$

  Addition from Bank of Granite Corp acquisition
 

 

 
351,121

 
52,581

  Accretion
 
15,831

 
(15,831
)
 
4,777

 
(4,777
)
Increase in future accretion
 

 
4,592

 

 

  Payments received
 
(84,944
)
 

 
(24,467
)
 

  Foreclosed and transferred to OREO
 
(9,518
)
 

 
(595
)
 

Subtotal before allowance
 
252,205

 
36,565

 
330,836

 
47,804

Allowance for credit losses
 
(3,296
)
 

 

 

Net carrying amount, end of period
 
$
248,909

 
$
36,565

 
$
330,836

 
$
47,804

Allowance for Loan Losses
An analysis of the changes in the ALL is as follows:

23


 
 
For Three Months Ended
 
For Nine Months Ended
(dollars in thousands)
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
38,551

 
$
59,366

 
$
39,360

 
$
93,687

Provision for losses charged to continuing operations
 
32

 
7,181

 
10,877

 
60,944

Net charge-offs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Charge-offs
 
(9,276
)
 
(24,376
)
 
(23,580
)
 
(115,948
)
Recoveries
 
1,552

 
1,950

 
4,202

 
5,438

Net charge-offs
 
(7,724
)
 
(22,426
)
 
(19,378
)
 
(110,510
)
Balance, end of period
 
$
30,859

 
$
44,121

 
$
30,859

 
$
44,121

Annualized net charge-offs during the period to average loans
 
2.46
%
 
9.07
%
 
2.06
%
 
13.09
%
Annualized net charge-offs during the period to ALL
 
100.12
%
 
201.66
%
 
83.73
%
 
334.88
%
Allowance for loan losses to loans held for investment (1)
 
2.51
%
 
4.95
%
 
2.51
%
 
4.95
%
(1) Excludes discontinued operations.
The following table presents ALL activity by portfolio segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate - Mortgage
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and Agricultural
 
Real Estate - Construction
 
1-4 Family Residential
 
Commercial
 
Consumer
 
Total

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALL:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance at July 1, 2012
 
$
7,151

 
$
11,320

 
$
8,784

 
$
9,218

 
$
2,078

 
$
38,551

Charge-offs
 
(1,156
)
 
(2,465
)
 
(1,646
)
 
(2,602
)
 
(1,407
)
 
(9,276
)
Recoveries
 
286

 
323

 
69

 
388

 
486

 
1,552

Provision
 
(1,128
)
 
(3,195
)
 
2,787

 
54

 
1,514

 
32

Ending balance at September 30, 2012
 
$
5,153

 
$
5,983

 
$
9,994

 
$
7,058

 
$
2,671

 
$
30,859


24


The following table presents ALL activity by portfolio segment for the three months ended September 30, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate - Mortgage
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and Agricultural
 
Real Estate - Construction
 
1-4 Family Residential
 
Commercial
 
Consumer
 
Total
ALL:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance at July 1, 2011
 
$
6,527

 
$
28,419

 
$
9,030

 
$
13,619

 
$
1,771

 
$
59,366

Charge-offs
 
(1,988
)
 
(13,740
)
 
(1,958
)
 
(5,848
)
 
(842
)
 
(24,376
)
Recoveries
 
226

 
1,217

 
59

 
96

 
352

 
1,950

Provision
 
204

 
4,606

 
(134
)
 
2,259

 
246

 
7,181

Ending balance at September 30, 2011
 
$
4,969

 
$
20,502

 
$
6,997

 
$
10,126

 
$
1,527

 
$
44,121


The following table presents ALL activity by portfolio segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate - Mortgage
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and Agricultural
 
Real Estate - Construction
 
1-4 Family Residential
 
Commercial
 
Consumer
 
Total
ALL:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance at January 1, 2012
 
$
5,776

 
$
11,995

 
$
8,885

 
$
11,063

 
$
1,641

 
$
39,360

Charge-offs
 
(2,774
)
 
(8,761
)
 
(4,805
)
 
(3,594
)
 
(3,646
)
 
(23,580
)
Recoveries
 
777

 
1,169

 
447

 
725

 
1,084

 
4,202

Provision
 
1,374

 
1,580

 
5,467

 
(1,136
)
 
3,592

 
10,877

Ending balance at September 30, 2012
 
$
5,153

 
$
5,983

 
$
9,994

 
$
7,058

 
$
2,671

 
$
30,859

The following table presents ALL activity by portfolio segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate - Mortgage
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and Agricultural
 
Real Estate - Construction
 
1-4 Family Residential
 
Commercial
 
Consumer
 
Total
ALL:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Beginning balance at January 1, 2011
 
$
11,144

 
$
46,792

 
$
7,742

 
$
26,851

 
$
1,158

 
$
93,687

Charge-offs
 
(10,455
)
 
(57,912
)
 
(8,579
)
 
(36,028
)
 
(2,974
)
 
(115,948
)
Recoveries
 
759

 
2,121

 
621

 
838

 
1,099

 
5,438

Provision
 
3,521

 
29,501

 
7,213

 
18,465

 
2,244

 
60,944

Ending balance at September 30, 2011
 
$
4,969

 
$
20,502

 
$
6,997

 
$
10,126

 
$
1,527

 
$
44,121

The following table details the recorded investment in loans related to each segment in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment and disaggregated on the basis of impairment methodology at September 30, 2012:

25


 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate - Mortgage
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and Agricultural
 
Real Estate - Construction
 
1-4 Family Residential
 
Commercial
 
Consumer
 
Total
ALL:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
815

 
$
1,158

 
$
1,797

 
$
652

 
$
100

 
$
4,522

  Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
2,564

 
4,690

 
7,593

 
5,657

 
2,537

 
23,041

  PI loans evaluated for credit impairment
 
1,774

 
135

 
604

 
749

 
34

 
3,296

  PI loans with no credit deterioration
 

 

 

 

 

 

Total ALL evaluated for impairment
 
$
5,153

 
$
5,983

 
$
9,994

 
$
7,058

 
$
2,671

 
$
30,859

Loans held for investment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
2,567

 
$
17,510

 
$
20,014

 
$
46,980

 
$
100

 
$
87,171

  Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
53,421

 
40,989

 
527,699

 
227,369

 
42,941

 
892,419

  PI loans with subsequent credit deterioration
 
15,660

 
2,221

 
2,595

 
11,291

 
34

 
31,801

  PI loans with no credit deterioration
 
1,021

 
543

 
39,943

 
177,533

 
1,364

 
220,404

Total loans evaluated for impairment
 
$
72,669

 
$
61,263

 
$
590,251

 
$
463,173

 
$
44,439

 
$
1,231,795

The following table details the recorded investment in loans related to each segment in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment and disaggregated on the basis of impairment methodology at December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate - Mortgage
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and Agricultural
 
Real Estate - Construction
 
1-4 Family Residential
 
Commercial
 
Consumer
 
Total
ALL:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
1,506

 
$
4,899

 
$
2,140

 
$
2,415

 
$
130

 
$
11,090

  Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
4,270

 
7,096

 
6,745

 
8,648

 
1,511

 
28,270

  PI loans evaluated for credit impairment
 

 

 

 

 

 

  PI loans with no credit deterioration
 

 

 

 

 

 

Total ALL evaluated for impairment
 
$
5,776

 
$
11,995

 
$
8,885

 
$
11,063

 
$
1,641

 
$
39,360

Loans held for investment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
3,890

 
$
30,460

 
$
24,886

 
$
36,835

 
$
170

 
$
96,241

  Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
62,327

 
54,705

 
375,945

 
254,927

 
42,554

 
790,458

  PI loans with subsequent credit deterioration
 

 

 

 

 

 

  PI loans with no credit deterioration
 
28,872

 
7,641

 
52,894

 
239,621

 
1,808

 
330,836

Total loans evaluated for impairment
 
$
95,089

 
$
92,806

 
$
453,725

 
$
531,383

 
$
44,532

 
$
1,217,535

Troubled Debt Restructuring
The following table presents a breakdown of troubled debt restructurings that were restructured during the three months ended September 30, 2012, segregated by portfolio segment:

26


 
 
For Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
For Three Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
Pre-Modification
 
Post-Modification
 
 
 
Pre-Modification
 
Post-Modification
 
 
 
 
Outstanding
 
Outstanding
 
 
 
Outstanding
 
Outstanding
(dollars in thousands)
 
Number
 
Recorded
 
Recorded
 
Number
 
Recorded
 
Recorded
 
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Investment
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Investment
Commercial and agricultural
 

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Real estate - construction
 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   1-4 family residential
 
1

 
202

 
202

 
1

 
155

 
155

   Commercial
 

 

 

 
2

 
1,651

 
1,651

Consumer
 

 

 

 

 

 

    Total
 
1

 
$
202

 
$
202

 
$
3

 
$
1,806

 
$
1,806


The following table presents a breakdown of troubled debt restructurings that were restructured during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, segregated by portfolio segment:

 
 
For Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
For Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
Pre-Modification
 
Post-Modification
 
 
 
Pre-Modification
 
Post-Modification
 
 
 
 
Outstanding
 
Outstanding
 
 
 
Outstanding
 
Outstanding
(dollars in thousands)
 
Number
 
Recorded
 
Recorded
 
Number
 
Recorded
 
Recorded
 
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Investment
 
of Loans
 
Investment
 
Investment
Commercial and agricultural
 

 
$

 
$

 
$
6

 
$
555

 
$
555

Real estate - construction
 
9

 
2,526

 
1,603

 
6

 
3,612

 
3,612

Real estate - mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   1-4 family residential
 
3

 
260

 
260

 
8

 
401

 
401

   Commercial
 
8

 
1,356

 
1,353

 
13

 
7,904

 
7,904

Consumer
 

 

 

 

 

 

    Total
 
20

 
$
4,142

 
$
3,216

 
$
33

 
$
12,472

 
$
12,472


During the three months ended September 30, 2012, FNB modified 1 loan that was considered to be a troubled debt restructuring. FNB extended the terms for this loan, but did not modify the interest rate. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, FNB modified twenty loans that was considered to be troubled debt restructurings. FNB extended the terms for sixteen of these loans, the interest rate was lowered for two of these loans, and the two remaining loans were modified both ways.
There were no loans restructured in the twelve months prior to September 30, 2012 that went into default during the three months or nine months ended September 30, 2012. There were also no loans restructured in the twelve months prior to September 30, 2011 that went into default during the three months or nine months ended September 30, 2011 .
In the determination of the ALL, management considers troubled debt restructurings and any subsequent defaults in these restructurings as impaired loans. The amount of the impairment is measured using the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.
Unfunded Commitments
The reserve for unfunded commitments, which is included in other liabilities, is calculated by determining the type of commitment and the remaining unfunded commitment for each loan. Based on the type of commitment, an expected usage percentage to the remaining unfunded balance is applied. The expected usage percentage is multiplied by the historical losses and qualitative and environmental factors for each loans pool as defined in the regular ALL calculation to determine the appropriate level of reserve. The expected usage percentages for each commitment type are as follows:
Construction draws - 100%
Equity lines of credit - 50%

27


Letters of Credit - 10%
The reserve for unfunded commitments was $0.9 million as of September 30, 2012 and $0.6 million at December 31, 2011.

6. Other Real Estate Owned and Personal Property Acquired in Settlement of Loans
Other Real Estate Owned ("OREO") consists of real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu thereof. The property is classified as held for sale. The property is initially carried at fair value based on recent appraisals, less estimated costs to sell. Declines in the fair value of properties included in other real estate below carrying value are recognized by a charge to income.
Total OREO and personal property acquired in settlement of loans decreased $29.6 million during the first nine months of 2012 from $110.4 million at December 31, 2011, to $80.8 million at September 30, 2012. This represents 48% of total nonperforming assets. At December 31, 2011, OREO and personal property acquired in settlement of loans represented 51% of total nonperforming assets.
The following table summarizes OREO and personal property acquired in settlement of loans at the periods indicated:
(dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011

Real estate acquired in settlement of loans
 
$
80,482

 
$
110,009

Personal property acquired in settlement of loans
 
318

 
377

Total property acquired in settlement of loans
 
$
80,800

 
$
110,386

The following tables summarize the changes in real estate acquired in settlement of loans at the periods indicated:
 
 
For Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans, beginning of period
 
$
86,183

 
$
101,384

Plus: New real estate acquired in settlement of loans
 
9,746

 
27,278

Less: Sales of real estate acquired in settlement of loans
 
(13,826
)
 
(29,122
)
Less: Write-downs and net loss on sales charged to expense
 
(1,621
)
 
(3,441
)
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans, end of period
 
$
80,482

 
$
96,099

 
 
For Nine Months Ended
(dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans, beginning of period
 
$
110,009

 
$
62,058

Plus: New real estate acquired in settlement of loans
 
24,766

 
101,245

Less: Sales of real estate acquired in settlement of loans
 
(38,202
)
 
(39,521
)
Less: Write-downs and net loss on sales charged to expense
 
(16,091
)
 
(27,683
)
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans, end of period
 
$
80,482

 
$
96,099

At September 30, 2012, 58 assets with a net carrying amount of $18.2 million were under contract for sale. Estimated losses on these sales have been recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the first nine months of 2012.
7. Earnings Per Share
Basic net loss per share, or basic earnings/(loss) per share (“EPS”), is computed by dividing net loss to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. FNB retired its preferred stock in 2011 and there were no unpaid preferred dividends or accretion of preferred stock discount at September 30, 2012. At September 30, 2011, FNB had $4.2 million of unpaid cumulative dividends on its Series A preferred stock and had $0.6 million in accretion of the discount on the preferred stock.
Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if FNB's potential common stock, which consists of dilutive stock options and a common stock warrant, were issued. As required for entities with complex capital structures, a dual presentation of basic and diluted EPS is included on the face of the income statement, and a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS computation is provided in this note.

28


(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net loss from continuing operations before cumulative dividends on preferred stock
 
$
(4,712
)
 
$
(13,890
)
 
$
(33,682
)
 
$
(100,889
)
Dividends on preferred stock
 

 
(1,093
)
 

 
(3,197
)
Loss from continuing operations, net of tax
 
(4,712
)
 
(14,983
)
 
(33,682
)
 
(104,086
)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
 

 
(40
)
 
(27
)
 
(5,722
)
Net loss to common shareholders
 
$
(4,712
)
 
$
(15,023
)
 
$
(33,709
)
 
$
(109,808
)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and diluted
 
21,588,027

 
114,320

 
21,294,727

 
114,277

Net loss per common share from continuing operations - basic and diluted
 
$
(0.22
)
 
$
(131.06
)
 
$
(1.58
)
 
$
(910.82
)
Net loss per common share from discontinued operations - basic and diluted
 

 
(0.35
)
 

 
(50.07
)
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted
 
(0.22
)
 
(131.41
)
 
(1.58
)
 
(960.89
)
As a result of the net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, all stock options and the common stock warrant were considered antidilutive and thus are not included in this calculation. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 there were 23,347 and 23,552 antidilutive shares, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, there were 26,821 and 27,218 antidilutive shares, respectively. Of the antidilutive shares, the number of shares relating to stock options were 1,275 and 1,480 for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, and 4,750 for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2011.
Net loss to common shareholders increased for the three months ended September 30, 2011 by $1.1 million, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 by $3.2 million for preferred stock dividends. Accretion on the preferred stock discount associated with the preferred stock of $0.2 million and $0.6 million was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. FNB retired its preferred stock in 2011 and there were no preferred stock dividends or accretion on the preferred stock discount for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012.
8. Derivatives and Financial Instruments
A derivative is a financial instrument that derives its cash flows, and therefore its value, by reference to an underlying instrument, index or referenced interest rate. These instruments include interest rate swaps, caps, floors, collars, options or other financial instruments designed to hedge exposures to interest rate risk or for speculative purposes.
Accounting guidance requires an entity to recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet, and measure those instruments at fair value. Changes in the fair value of those derivatives are reported in current earnings or other comprehensive income depending on the purpose for which the derivative is held and whether the derivative qualifies for hedge accounting.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the interest rate swaps designated as a fair value hedge resulted in decreased interest expense of $175,000 and $629,000, respectively, on FHLB advances than would otherwise have been recognized for the liability. The fair value of the swaps at September 30, 2011 was recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as an asset in the amount of $0.8 million.
Because the swaps were terminated in 2011, there were no net gains or losses recognized on the fair value swaps for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012. However, net gains recognized on the fair value swaps during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 were $933,000.
Mortgage banking derivatives used in the ordinary course of business consist of mandatory forward sales contracts or forward contracts and rate lock loan commitments. The fair value of FNB's derivative instruments is primarily measured by obtaining pricing from broker-dealers recognized to be market participants.
The table below provides data about the amount of gains and losses related to derivative instruments designated as hedges included in “Other income” in the FNB's Consolidated Statements of Operations:

29


 
 
Gain, Net of Tax
 
 
Recognized in Income
(dollars in thousands)
 
For Three Months Ended
 
For Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap contracts - FHLB advances
 
$

 
$
463

 
$

 
$
565

Continuing Operations
During 2012, FNB began originating residential mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market. FNB has established guidelines in originating, selling loans to Fannie Mae, and retaining or selling the loan servicing rights. The commitments to borrowers to originate residential mortgage loans and the forward sales commitments to investors are freestanding derivative instruments. As such, they do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, and the fair value adjustments for these instruments is recorded through the income statement in mortgage loan income. The fair market value of mortgage banking derivatives at September 30, 2012 was recorded in the consolidated balance sheet under Other Assets.

 
 
Gain (Loss) recognized
(dollars in thousands)
 
For Three Months Ended
 
For Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loan rate lock commitments (1)
 
$
134

 
$

 
$
311

 
$
55

Mortgage loan forward sales and MBS (1)
 
(134
)
 

 
(311
)
 
(44
)
Total
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) For 2011, recognized in "Net loss from discontinued operations" in FNB's Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Discontinued Operations
On April 7, 2009, Dover irrevocably opted to elect the fair value option for the initial and subsequent measurement for certain financial assets and liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis. This election allowed Dover to enter into a hedging arrangement for the purpose of limiting risk inherent in the mortgage loan pipeline and loans held for sale portfolio.
Dover originated certain residential mortgage loans with the intention of selling these loans. Between the time that Dover entered into an interest rate lock or a commitment to originate a residential mortgage loan with a potential borrower and the time the closed loan is sold, FNB was subject to variability in market prices related to these commitments. FNB believed that it was prudent to limit the variability of expected proceeds from the future sales of these loans by entering into forward sales commitments and commitments to deliver loans into a mortgage-backed security. The commitments to originate residential mortgage loans and the forward sales commitments were freestanding derivative instruments. They did not qualify for hedge accounting treatment so their fair value adjustments were recorded through the income statement in income from mortgage loan sales.
9. Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
FNB utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Securities available-for-sale, derivative assets and liabilities, certain FHLB advances hedged by interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges, performing mortgage loans held for sale, and mortgage servicing rights are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time-to-time, FNB may be required to record at fair value other assets and liabilities on a nonrecurring basis, such as non-performing loans held for sale, loans held for investment, impaired loans and certain other assets and liabilities. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets or liabilities.
Fair Value Hierarchy
FNB groups assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
Level 1: Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.
Level 2: Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar

30


instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.
Level 3: Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.
The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value:
Investments Securities Available-for-Sale
Investment securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security's credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets and money market funds. Level 2 securities include mortgage-backed securities issued by government sponsored entities, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities. Securities classified as Level 3 may include asset-backed securities in less liquid markets.
Liquidity is a significant factor in the determination of the fair values of available-for-sale debt securities. Market price quotes may not be readily available for some positions, or positions within a market sector where trading activity has slowed significantly or ceased. Some of these instruments are valued using a discounted cash flow model, which estimates the fair value of the securities using internal credit risk, interest rate and prepayment risk models that incorporate management's best estimate of current key assumptions such as default rates, loss severity and prepayment rates. Principal and interest cash flows are discounted using an observable discount rate for similar instruments with adjustments that management believes a market participant would consider in determining fair value for the specific security. Underlying assets are valued using external pricing services, where available, or matrix pricing based on the vintages and ratings. Situations of illiquidity generally are triggered by the market's perception of credit uncertainty regarding a single company or a specific market sector. In these instances, fair value is determined based on limited available market information and other factors, principally from reviewing the issuer's financial statements and changes in credit ratings made by one or more ratings agencies.
Loans Held for Sale
At December 31, 2011, loans held for sale included problem commercial loans under contract to be sold. Problem commercial loans are reclassified from loans held for investment to held for sale when they are under contract to be sold, and are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, based on contractual agreements with independent third-party buyers, less estimated costs to sell. At December 31, 2011, FNB classified loans held for sale as nonrecurring Level 2.
Loans Held for Investment
FNB does not record loans held for investment at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered impaired and the related impairment is charged against the allowance or a specific allowance is established. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as impaired, management determines the fair value of the loan to quantify impairment, should such exist. The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using one of several methods, including collateral net liquidation value, market value of similar debt, enterprise value, and discounted cash flows. Those impaired loans not requiring a specific allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral meet or exceed the recorded investments in such loans. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, substantially all of the total impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value of the collateral. Impaired loans where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. FNB records impaired loans as nonrecurring Level 3.
Other Real Estate Owned
OREO is adjusted to fair value upon transfer of the loans to OREO. Subsequently, OREO is carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management's estimation of the value of the collateral. Given the lack of observable market prices for identical properties, FNB records the OREO as nonrecurring Level 3.
Derivative Assets and Liabilities
Substantially all derivative instruments held or issued by FNB for risk management or customer-initiated activities are traded in over-the-counter markets where quoted market prices are not readily available. For those derivatives, FNB measures fair value using models that use primarily market observable inputs, such as yield curves and option volatilities, and include the value associated with counterparty credit risk. FNB classifies derivative instruments held or issued for risk management or customer-initiated activities as Level 2.

31


Mortgage Servicing Rights
The fair value of mortgage serving rights (MSR) is dependent upon a number of assumptions including the fee per loan, the cost to service, the expected loan prepayment rate, and the discount rate.  In determining the fair value of the existing MSR management reviews the key assumptions, analyzes pricing in the market for comparable MSR, and uses a third party provider to independently calculate the fair value of its MSR. FNB records mortgage servicing rights as recurring Level 3.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2012 for continuing operations, including financial instruments that FNB accounts for under the fair value option, are summarized in the following table:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
6,922

 

 
$
6,922

 

U.S. government sponsored agencies
 
22,185

 

 
22,185

 

States and political subdivisions
 
6,062

 

 
6,062

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities-GSE
 
367,767

 

 
367,767

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities-Private
 
23,722

 

 
23,722

 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities-GSE
 
23,248

 
 
 
23,248

 
 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities-Private
 
5,360

 

 
5,360

 

Corporate notes
 
37,120

 

 
37,120

 

Total available-for-sale debt securities
 
492,386

 

 
492,386

 

Mortgage servicing rights
 
248

 

 

 
248

Total assets at fair value from continuing operations
 
$
492,634

 
$

 
$
492,386

 
$
248

Assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2011 for continuing operations, including financial instruments that FNB accounts for under the fair value option, are summarized in the following table:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
7,188

 
$

 
$
7,188

 
$

U.S. government sponsored agencies
 
32,364

 

 
32,364

 

States and political subdivisions
 
6,090

 

 
6,090

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities-GSE
 
350,273

 

 
350,273

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities-Private
 
32,217

 

 
32,217

 

Corporate notes
 
3,174

 

 
3,174

 

Total available-for-sale debt securities
 
431,306

 

 
431,306

 

Total assets at fair value from continuing operations
 
$
431,306

 
$

 
$
431,306

 
$

The following tables present a reconciliation of all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the periods indicated:

32


 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
 
 
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
 
Mortgage Servicing Rights
(dollars in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Beginning balance at July 1,
 
$
25

 
$

Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings, net of amortization
 
223

 

Ending balance at September 30,
 
$
248

 
$


 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
 
 
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
 
Mortgage Servicing Rights
(dollars in thousands)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Beginning balance at January 1,
 
$

 
$
2,359

Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings, net of amortization
 
248

 
(117
)
Servicing rights sold
 

 
(2,242
)
Ending balance at September 30,
 
$
248

 
$

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
FNB may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. These include assets that are measured at the lower of cost or market that were recognized at fair value below cost at the end of the period. This is due to further deterioration in the value of the assets.
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are included in the following table at September 30, 2012 for continuing operations:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Impaired loans, net
 
$
10,247

 

 

 
$
10,247

Other real estate owned
 
56,431

 

 

 
56,431

Total assets at fair value from continuing operations
 
$
66,678

 
$

 
$

 
$
66,678

Subsequent to their initial recognition at fair value during the quarter ended December 31, 2011, purchased impaired loans and purchased contractual loans are no longer recorded at their fair value and therefore these loans are not included in the above table of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2012.
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are included in the following table at December 31, 2011 for continuing operations:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Loans held for sale
 
$
4,529

 
$

 
$
4,529

 
$

Impaired loans, net
 
31,266

 

 

 
31,266

Purchased impaired loans
 
308,594

 

 

 
308,594

Purchased contractual loans
 
65,283

 

 

 
65,283

Other real estate owned
 
84,794

 

 

 
84,794

Total assets at fair value from continuing operations
 
$
494,466

 
$

 
$
4,529

 
$
489,937

There are no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2012 for discontinued operations.

33


Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are included in the following table at December 31, 2011 for discontinued operations:
(dollars in thousands)
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Loans held for sale
 
$
233

 
$

 
$
233

 
$

Total assets at fair value from discontinued operations
 
$
233

 
$

 
$
233

 
$

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(dollars in thousands)
 
Fair Value at
September 30, 2012
 
Valuation Techniques
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range
Nonrecurring measurements:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans, net
 
$
10,247

 
Discounted appraisals
 
Collateral discounts
 
6.00% - 40.00%
Other real estate owned
 
56,431

 
Discounted appraisals
 
Collateral discounts
 
6.00% - 40.00%
Mortgage servicing rights
 
248

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Prepayment rate
 
10.00% - 30.00%
Mortgage servicing rights
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 
6.00% - 12.00%
Level 3 Valuation Methodologies. Following is a description of the unobservable inputs used for Level 3 fair value measurements.
Disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate that value is required. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time FNB's entire holdings of a particular financial instrument.
Because no market exists for a portion of FNB's financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value for each class of FNB's financial instruments.
Cash and cash equivalents. Fair value equals the carrying value of such assets due to their nature and is classified as Level 1.
Investment securities. The fair value of investment securities is based on quoted market prices, if available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities. The fair value of equity investments in the restricted stock of the FRBR and FHLB approximates the carrying value. The fair value of investment securities is classified as Level 2.
Loans held for sale Substantially all residential mortgage loans held for sale are pre-sold and their carrying value approximates fair value. FNB classified the fair value of loans held for sale as Level 2.
Loans held for investment. The fair value of fixed rate loans is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. Substantially all residential mortgage loans held for sale are pre-sold and their carrying value approximates fair value. The fair value of variable rate loans with frequent repricing and negligible credit risk approximates book value. The fair value of loans is further discounted by credit and liquidity factors. FNB classified the fair value of loans as Level 3.
Accrued interest receivable and payable. The carrying amounts of accrued interest payable and receivable approximate fair value and are classified as Level 2.
Deposits. The fair value of noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing demand deposits and savings are the amounts payable on demand because these products have no stated maturity. The fair value of time deposits is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities and are classified as Level 2.
Borrowed funds. The carrying value of retail repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased is considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of FHLB advances and other borrowed funds is estimated using the rates currently offered for advances of similar remaining maturities and are classified as Level 2.
Junior subordinated debentures. Included in junior subordinated debentures are variable rate trust preferred securities issued by FNB. Fair values for the trust preferred securities were estimated by developing cash flow estimates for each of these debt

34


instruments based on scheduled principal and interest payments and current interest rates. Once the cash flows were determined, a rate for comparable subordinated debt was used to discount the cash flows to the present value. The estimated fair value for FNB's junior subordinated debentures have declined due to wider credit spreads (i.e., spread to LIBOR) on similar trust preferred issues. This is due, in part, to proposed bank regulatory changes in bank capital structure. FNB classified the fair value of junior subordinated debentures as Level 3.
Financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. The fair value of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk is considered to approximate carrying value, since the large majority of these future financing commitments would result in loans that have variable rates and/or relatively short terms to maturity. For other commitments, generally of a short-term nature, the carrying value is considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.
The estimated fair values of financial instruments for continuing operations are as follows at the periods indicated:
 
 
At September 30, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying Value
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Financial Assets of Continuing Operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
327,870

 
$
327,870

 
$
327,870

 
$

 

Investment securities: Available-for-sale
 
492,386

 
492,386

 

 
492,386

 

Loans held for sale
 
8,212

 
8,212

 

 
8,212

 

Loans, net
 
1,200,936

 
1,192,784

 

 

 
1,192,784

Accrued interest receivable
 
7,424

 
7,424

 

 
7,424

 

Financial Liabilities of Continuing Operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
 
1,982,253

 
1,987,807

 

 
1,987,807

 

Retail repurchase agreements
 
9,433

 
9,433

 

 
9,433

 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
 
58,339

 
63,649

 

 
63,649

 

Junior subordinated debentures
 
56,702

 
37,068

 

 

 
37,068

Accrued interest payable
 
1,969

 
1,969

 

 
1,969

 

 
 
At December 31, 2011
(dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying Value
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Financial Assets of Continuing Operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
553,416

 
$
553,416

 
$
553,416

 
$

 
$

Investment securities: Available-for-sale
 
431,306

 
431,306

 

 
431,306

 

Loans held for sale
 
4,529

 
4,529

 

 
4,529

 

Loans, net
 
1,178,175

 
1,176,795

 

 

 
1,176,795

Accrued interest receivable
 
5,919

 
5,919

 

 
5,919

 

Financial Liabilities of Continuing Operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
 
2,129,111

 
2,139,093

 

 
2,139,093

 

Retail repurchase agreements
 
8,838

 
8,838

 

 
8,838

 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
 
58,370

 
62,555

 

 
62,555

 

Junior subordinated debentures
 
56,702

 
36,218

 

 

 
36,218

Accrued interest payable
 
1,654

 
1,654

 

 
1,654

 

The estimated fair values of financial instruments for discontinued operations are as follows:

35


 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
As of December 31, 2011
(dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying Value
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets of Discontinued Operations
 
$

 
$

 
$
233

 
$
233

Financial Liabilities of Discontinued Operations
 

 

 

 

There were no transfers between valuation levels for any assets during the quarter ended September 30, 2012 or the quarter ended September 30, 2011. If different valuation techniques are deemed necessary, we would consider those transfers to occur at the end of the period when the assets are valued.
10. Capital Raise
Between May 21, 2012 and June 26, 2012, FNB issued 485,788 shares of common stock at an average price of $15.01 for total proceeds of $7.29 million through its “At The Market” (“ATM”) offering. Net proceeds from the offering of $6.7 million were contributed to CommunityOne. During July 2012, FNB sold a further 176 shares to holders of warrants issued in connection with the Merger, yielding net proceeds of approximately $3,000.
11. Termination of Retirement Plans
FNB elected to terminate the remaining supplemental executive retirement plans (SERP), that were frozen in prior years, by settling the remaining payments via lump sum payments that will be paid in October 2013.  The gain on termination recognized of $0.4 million is recorded in other comprehensive income. As the cash payments are made the gain will be recognized in current earnings.


36


Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following presents management's discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of FNB. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods to place them on a basis comparable with the current period presentation. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Results of operations for the periods included in this review are not necessarily indicative of results to be obtained during any future period.
Important Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements that FNB believes are forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements generally relate to FNB's financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance or business. They usually can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “believes,” “expects,” or “are expected to,” “plans,” “projects,” “goals,” “estimates,” “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “intends to,” “outlook” or “anticipates,” or variations of these and similar words, or by discussions of strategies that involve risks and uncertainties. You should not place undue reliance on these statements, as they are subject to risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to, those described in this quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind these risks and uncertainties, as well as any cautionary statements we may make. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information actually known to us at the time. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Forward-looking statements contained in this quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about FNB's business, management's beliefs and assumptions made by management. These statements are not guarantees of FNB's future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions (called Future Factors), which are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements. Future factors include, without limitation:
changes in interest rates, spreads on earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the shape of the yield curve and interest rate sensitivity
changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board;
continued and increased credit losses and material changes in the quality of our loan portfolio;
decline in the value of our OREO;
financial resources in the amount, at the times and on the terms required to support our future business;
increased competitive pressures in the banking industry or in FNB's markets;
less favorable general economic conditions, either nationally or regionally, resulting in, among other things, a reduced demand for credit or other services;
deterioration in the housing markets and reduced demand for mortgages;
the outcome of legislation and regulation affecting the financial services industry, including FNB, including the effects underway through the continuing implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, including proposed revisions to the regulatory capital requirements;
changes in accounting principles and standards;
adverse changes in financial performance or condition of FNB's borrowers, which could affect repayment of such borrowers' outstanding loans;
increases in operating costs and expenses;
changes in pricing and product/service offerings by competitors;
rapid technological development and changes;
the effect of any mergers, acquisitions or other transactions to which we or our subsidiaries may from time to time be a party;
failure of assumptions underlying the establishment of our ALL; and
success at managing the risks involved in the foregoing,
All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made, and FNB undertakes no obligation to update any statement, to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Important Factors Impacting Comparability of Results
We have accounted for our purchase of Granite Corp. using the acquisition method of accounting as of October 21, 2011, the acquisition date. The results of our operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 include the results of Granite Corp. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 do not include the results of Granite Corp. Our balance sheets as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 include the assets, liabilities and equity of Granite Corp., while various footnotes and tables presented as of September 30, 2011 do not include the assets, liabilities and equity of Granite Corp.


37


Financial highlights are presented in the accompanying table.
Selected Financial Data
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Income Statement Data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
 
$
15,202

 
$
7,739

 
$
46,431

 
$
26,139

Provision for loan losses
 
32

 
7,181

 
10,877

 
60,944

Noninterest income
 
4,643

 
10,080

 
15,001

 
16,946

Noninterest expense
 
24,602

 
23,200

 
84,365

 
82,278

Loss from continuing operations, before income taxes
 
(4,789
)
 
(12,562
)
 
(33,810
)
 
(100,137
)
Loss from continuing operations, net of tax
 
(4,712
)
 
(13,890
)
 
(33,682
)
 
(100,889
)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
 

 
(40
)
 
(27
)
 
(5,722
)
Net loss
 
(4,712
)
 
(13,930
)
 
(33,709
)
 
(106,611
)
Dividends on preferred stock
 

 
(1,093
)
 

 
(3,197
)
Net loss to common shareholders
 
(4,712
)
 
(15,023
)
 
(33,709
)
 
(109,808
)
Period End Balances
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
$
2,238,065

 
$
1,643,894

 
$
2,238,065

 
$
1,643,894

Loans held for sale (1)
 
8,212

 
25,661

 
8,212

 
25,661

Loans held for investment (2)
 
1,231,795

 
890,888

 
1,231,795

 
890,888

Allowance for loan losses (1)
 
30,859

 
44,121

 
30,859

 
44,121

Goodwill
 
4,205

 

 
4,205

 

Deposits
 
1,982,253

 
1,565,636

 
1,982,253

 
1,565,636

Borrowings
 
124,474

 
184,957

 
124,474

 
184,957

Shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
106,873

 
(129,932
)
 
106,873

 
(129,932
)
Average Balances
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
$
2,247,437

 
$
1,676,606

 
$
2,322,484

 
$
1,784,934

Loans held for sale (1)
 
4,769

 
10,966

 
4,669

 
3,753

Loans held for investment (2)
 
1,257,460

 
981,130

 
1,253,252

 
1,128,546

Allowance for loan losses (1)
 
38,098

 
62,601

 
38,898

 
73,765

Goodwill
 
4,205

 

 
4,105

 

Deposits
 
1,989,669

 
1,579,545

 
2,054,628

 
1,634,589

Borrowings
 
125,621

 
200,672

 
124,221

 
209,809

Shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
107,628

 
(120,346
)
 
117,953

 
(76,345
)
Per Common Share Data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss per common share from continuing operations - basic and diluted
 
$
(0.22
)
 
$
(131.06
)
 
$
(1.58
)
 
$
(910.82
)
Net loss per common share from discontinued operations - basic and diluted
 

 
(0.35
)
 

 
(50.07
)
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted
 
(0.22
)
 
(131.41
)
 
(1.58
)
 
(960.89
)
Book value (3)
 
4.95

 
(1,714.03
)
 
4.95

 
(1,714.03
)
Tangible book value (3)
 
4.43

 
(1,745.34
)
 
4.43

 
(1,745.34
)
Performance Ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on average assets
 
(0.84
)%
 
(3.30
)%
 
(1.94
)%
 
(7.99
)%
Return on average tangible assets (3)
 
(0.84
)
 
(3.30
)
 
(1.95
)
 
(8.00
)

38


Return on average equity (4)
 
(17.51
)
 
NM

 
(38.10
)
 
NM

Return on average tangible equity (3)
 
(19.61
)
 
NM

 
(42.32
)
 
NM

Net interest margin (tax equivalent)
 
2.95

 
2.04

 
2.94

 
2.17

Asset Quality Ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period end loans held for investment (1)
 
2.51
 %
 
4.95
 %
 
2.51
 %
 
4.95
 %
Nonperforming loans to period end allowance for loan losses (1)
 
277.48

 
329.43

 
277.48

 
329.43

Net charge-offs (annualized) to average loans held for investment
 
2.46

 
9.07

 
2.06

 
13.09

Nonperforming assets to period end loans held for investment and foreclosed property (5)
 
12.58

 
24.48

 
12.58

 
24.48

Capital and Liquidity Ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average equity to average assets
 
4.79
 %
 
(7.18
)%
 
5.08
 %
 
(4.28
)%
Leverage capital
 
5.69

 
(8.54
)
 
5.69

 
(8.54
)
Tier 1 risk-based capital
 
9.47

 
(13.48
)
 
9.47

 
(13.48
)
Total risk-based capital
 
12.21

 
(13.48
)
 
12.21

 
(13.48
)
Average loans to average deposits
 
63.44

 
62.11

 
61.22

 
69.04

Average loans to average deposits and borrowings
 
59.67

 
55.11

 
57.73

 
61.19

NM - Not Meaningful
(1) Excludes discontinued operations.
(2) Loans held for investment, net of unearned income, before allowance for loan losses.
(3) Refer to the "Non-GAAP Measures" section in Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
(4) Net loss to common shareholders, which excludes preferred stock dividends, divided by average realized common equity which excludes accumulated other comprehensive loss.
(5) Nonperforming loans and nonperforming assets include loans past due 90 days or more that are still accruing interest.


39


Overview
FNB United Corp. or FNB, we or us (which also refers to FNB and our subsidiaries on a consolidated basis), was incorporated in 1984 under the laws of the State of North Carolina. We are a bank holding company with two bank subsidiaries: CommunityOne Bank, N.A. (“CommunityOne”), a national banking association headquartered in Asheboro, North Carolina and, through Bank of Granite Corporation (“Granite Corp.”), Bank of Granite (“Granite”), a state chartered bank headquartered in Granite Falls, North Carolina.
Through our bank subsidiaries, we offer a complete line of consumer, wealth management, mortgage and business banking services, including loan, deposit, cash management, investment management and trust services, to individual and business customers through operations located throughout central, southern and western North Carolina, including the counties of Alamance, Alexander, Ashe, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, Chatham, Gaston, Guilford, Iredell, Mecklenburg, Montgomery, Moore, Orange, Randolph, Richmond, Rowan, Scotland, Watauga and Wilkes. Management believes that the banks have a relatively stable deposit base and no material amount of deposits is obtained from a single depositor or group of depositors, including federal, state and local governments.
CommunityOne owns two subsidiaries: Dover Mortgage Company (“Dover”) and First National Investor Services, Inc. Dover previously engaged in the business of originating, underwriting and closing mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market. Dover ceased operations in the first quarter of 2011 and filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on February 15, 2012. First National Investor Services, Inc. holds deeds of trust for CommunityOne. Through Granite Corp., we also own Granite Mortgage, Inc., which ceased mortgage operations in 2009 and filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on February 15, 2012. FNB also owns FNB United Statutory Trust I, FNB United Statutory Trust II, and Catawba Valley Capital Trust II, which were formed to facilitate the issuance of trust preferred securities.
We earn revenue primarily from interest on loans and securities investments, mortgage banking income and fees charged for financial services provided to our customers. Offsetting these revenues are the cost of deposits and other funding sources, provision for loan losses and write-downs in the value, gains and losses on disposition and holding costs associated with our OREO, and other operating costs such as: salaries and employee benefits, occupancy, data processing expenses, merger related expenses and tax expense.
On October 21, 2011, as part of the recapitalization of FNB, FNB acquired Granite Corp., through the merger of a wholly owned subsidiary of FNB merging into Granite Corp (the "Merger"). The Merger was part of FNB's recapitalization strategy.



40


Results of Operations
Net Interest Income
Our principal source of revenue is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets, primarily loans and investment securities, and interest expense paid on interest-bearing deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities. This measure represents the largest component of income for FNB. The net interest margin measures how effectively we manage the difference between the interest income earned on interest-earning assets and the interest expense paid for funds to support those assets. Changes in interest rates earned on interest-earning assets and interest rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, the rate of growth of the interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities base, the ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities, and the management of interest rate sensitivity factor into fluctuations within net interest income. An analysis is presented in the Average Balances and Net Interest Income Analysis for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
Net interest income on a taxable equivalent basis was $15.3 million for the three month period ended September 30, 2012 compared to $7.8 million for the same period in 2011, primarily related to the addition of Granite net interest income of $6.3 million for the third quarter of 2012.
Net interest margin (taxable equivalent) improved 91 basis points from 2.04% in the third quarter of 2011 to 2.95% in the third quarter of 2012. The increase was attributable to the impact of the Merger, management strategies to shift the mix of deposits to lower rate demand, savings and money market deposits, and the reduction of nonperforming loans compared to the third quarter of 2011. The yield on average earning assets increased by 23 basis points during the third quarter of 2012 to 3.73% from 3.50% in the third quarter of 2011. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities declined during the third quarter of 2012 by 51 basis points to 0.86% compared to 1.37% in the third quarter of 2011, primarily as a result of the deposit mix shift, declines in interest rates on all deposit products, and the impact of the accretion of fair value marks at Granite. Importantly, the cost of interest-bearing deposits declined 54 basis points, or 42%,from 1.30% for the third quarter of 2011 to 0.76% for the third quarter of 2012. The cost of all deposits, including noninterest-bearing deposits, fell to 0.66% for the third quarter of 2012, a decline of 52 basis points from 1.18% for the third quarter of 2011.
Net interest income on a taxable equivalent basis was $46.6 million for the nine month period ended September 30, 2012 compared to $26.8 million for the same period in 2011 primarily related to the addition of Granite net interest income of $21.6 million for the first nine months of 2012.
Net interest margin (taxable equivalent) improved 77 basis points from 2.17% in the first nine months of 2011 to 2.94% in the first nine months of 2012. The increase was attributable to the impact of the Merger, the impact of management strategies to shift the mix of deposits to lower rate demand, savings and money market deposits and the Granite acquisition, declines in interest rates on all deposit products, and the reduction of nonperforming loans compared to the first nine months of 2011. The yield on average earning assets increased by 17 basis points during the first nine months of 2012 to 3.78% from 3.61% in the first nine months of 2011. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities declined during the first nine months of 2012 by 50 basis points to 0.91% compared to 1.41% in the first nine months of 2011, primarily as a result of the deposit mix shift, declines in interest rates on all deposit products, and the impact of the accretion of fair value marks at Granite. The cost of interest-bearing deposits declined 51 basis points from 1.34% for the first nine months 2011 to 0.83% for the first nine months of 2012. The cost of all deposits, including noninterest-bearing deposits, fell to 0.73% for the first nine months of 2012, a decline of 48 basis points from 1.21% for the first nine months of 2011.
The following tables summarize the average balance sheets and net interest income/margin analysis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. FNB's interest yield earned on interest-earning assets and interest rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities shown in the table are derived by dividing interest income and expense by the average balances of interest-earning assets or interest-bearing liabilities, respectively.

41


Average Balances and Net Interest Income Analysis - Third Quarter
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
 
 
 
Average
 
 
 
 
 
Average
(dollars in thousands)
Average
 
Income /
 
Yield /
 
Average
 
Income /
 
Yield /
 
Balance (3)
 
Expense
 
Rate
 
Balance (3)
 
Expense
 
Rate
Interest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans (1)(2)
$
1,262,229

 
$
16,312

 
5.14
%
 
$
992,096

 
$
11,023

 
4.41
%
Taxable investment securities
475,032

 
2,667

 
2.23

 
310,269

 
2,166

 
2.77

Tax-exempt investment securities (1)

 

 

 
2,595

 
75

 
11.47

Other earning assets
317,932

 
276

 
0.35

 
216,400

 
173

 
0.32

Assets of discontinued operations

 

 

 
292

 

 

  Total earning assets
2,055,193

 
19,255

 
3.73

 
1,521,652

 
13,437

 
3.50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
31,202

 
 
 
 
 
22,405

 
 
 
 
Goodwill and core deposit premium
11,502

 
 
 
 
 
3,707

 
 
 
 
Other assets, net
149,540

 
 
 
 
 
128,804

 
 
 
 
Assets of discontinued operations

 
 
 
 
 
38

 
 
 
 
  Total assets
$
2,247,437

 
 
 
 
 
$
1,676,606

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
$
346,289

 
$
335

 
0.38
%
 
$
221,859

 
$
405

 
0.72
%
Savings deposits
73,274

 
28

 
0.15

 
45,919

 
29

 
0.25

Money market deposits
445,192

 
436

 
0.39

 
283,007

 
481

 
0.67

Time deposits
867,963

 
2,521

 
1.16

 
875,760

 
3,768

 
1.71

  Total interest-bearing deposits
1,732,718

 
3,320

 
0.76

 
1,426,545

 
4,683

 
1.30

Retail repurchase agreements
10,574

 
6

 
0.23

 
8,456

 
11

 
0.52

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
58,345

 
391

 
2.67

 
133,014

 
609

 
1.82

Other borrowed funds
56,702

 
288

 
2.02

 
59,202

 
313

 
2.10

  Total interest-bearing liabilities
1,858,339

 
4,005

 
0.86

 
1,627,217

 
5,616

 
1.37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing liabilities and shareholders' equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
256,951

 
 
 
 
 
153,000

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
24,519

 
 
 
 
 
15,627

 
 
 
 
Shareholders' equity/(deficit)
107,628

 
 
 
 
 
(120,346
)
 
 
 
 
Liabilities of discontinued operations

 
 
 
 
 
1,108

 
 
 
 
  Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
2,247,437

 
 
 
 
 
$
1,676,606

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income and net yield on earning assets (4)
 
 
$
15,250

 
2.95
%
 
 
 
$
7,821

 
2.04
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate spread (5)
 
 
 
 
2.87
%
 
 
 
 
 
2.13
%
(1) The fully tax equivalent basis is computed using a federal tax rate of 35%.
(2) Average loan balances include nonaccruing loans and loans held for sale.
(3) Average balances include market adjustments to fair value for securities and loans held for sale.
(4) Net yield on earning assets is computed by dividing net interest income by average earning assets.
(5) Earning asset yield minus interest bearing liabilities rate.

42


Average Balances and Net Interest Income Analysis - Nine Months
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
 
 
 
Average
 
 
 
 
 
Average
(dollars in thousands)
Average
 
Income /
 
Yield /
 
Average
 
Income /
 
Yield /
 
Balance (3)
 
Expense
 
Rate
 
Balance (3)
 
Expense
 
Rate
Interest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans (1)(2)
$
1,257,921

 
$
50,601

 
5.37
%
 
$
1,132,299

 
$
36,415

 
4.30
%
Taxable investment securities
456,836

 
8,238

 
2.41

 
333,572

 
6,963

 
2.79

Tax-exempt investment securities (1)

 

 

 
6,885

 
532

 
10.33

Other earning assets
398,463

 
937

 
0.31

 
170,489

 
456

 
0.36

Assets of discontinued operations

 

 

 
9,491

 
307

 
4.32

  Total earning assets
2,113,220

 
59,776

 
3.78

 
1,652,736

 
44,673

 
3.61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
31,668

 
 
 
 
 
23,737

 
 
 
 
Goodwill and core deposit premium
11,754

 
 
 
 
 
3,904

 
 
 
 
Other assets, net
165,731

 
 
 
 
 
104,395

 
 
 
 
Assets of discontinued operations
111

 
 
 
 
 
162

 
 
 
 
  Total assets
$
2,322,484

 
 
 
 
 
$
1,784,934

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
$
348,145

 
$
1,099

 
0.42
%
 
$
225,744

 
$
1,322

 
0.78
%
Savings deposits
72,187

 
81

 
0.15

 
45,477

 
86

 
0.25

Money market deposits
439,296

 
1,418

 
0.43

 
290,000

 
1,626

 
0.75

Time deposits
943,897

 
8,646

 
1.22

 
918,235

 
11,780

 
1.72

  Total interest-bearing deposits
1,803,525

 
11,244

 
0.83

 
1,479,456

 
14,814

 
1.34

Retail repurchase agreements
9,163

 
23

 
0.34

 
9,053

 
43

 
0.64

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
58,356

 
1,057

 
2.42

 
140,492

 
2,010

 
1.91

Other borrowed funds
56,702

 
877

 
2.07

 
60,264

 
1,009

 
2.24

  Total interest-bearing liabilities
1,927,746

 
13,201

 
0.91

 
1,689,265

 
17,876

 
1.41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing liabilities and shareholders' equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
251,103

 
 
 
 
 
155,133

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
25,682

 
 
 
 
 
15,655

 
 
 
 
Shareholders' equity/(deficit)
117,953

 
 
 
 
 
(76,345
)
 
 
 
 
Liabilities of discontinued operations

 
 
 
 
 
1,226

 
 
 
 
  Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
2,322,484

 
 
 
 
 
$
1,784,934

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income and net yield on earning assets (4)
 
 
$
46,575

 
2.94
%
 
 
 
$
26,797

 
2.17
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate spread (5)
 
 
 
 
2.87
%
 
 
 
 
 
2.20
%
(1) The fully tax equivalent basis is computed using a federal tax rate of 35%.
(2) Average loan balances include nonaccruing loans and loans held for sale.
(3) Average balances include market adjustments to fair value for securities and loans held for sale.
(4) Net yield on earning assets is computed by dividing net interest income by average earning assets.
(5) Earning asset yield minus interest bearing liabilities rate.

43


Provision for Loan Losses
The provision for loan loss provides a level of allowance considered appropriate to absorb management's estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The amount of this charge is affected by several considerations, including management's evaluation of various risk factors in determining the adequacy of the allowance (see additional discussion under “Asset Quality”), actual loan loss experience and changes in the loan portfolio.

During the three month period ended September 30, 2012, the provision for loan losses, excluding discontinued operations, was $32 thousand, compared to $7.2 million in the same period of 2011, as a result of reductions in nonperforming loans and reductions in the levels of commercial real estate loans within the loan portfolio. FNB has experienced lower net charge-offs and improved classified asset and past due levels compared to 2011. During the second quarter of 2012 management established a $3.3 million allowance related to purchased impaired loans acquired in the Merger. During the nine month period ended September 30, 2012, the provision for loan losses, excluding discontinued operations, was $10.9 million, compared to $60.9 million, in the same period of 2011, also due to reductions in nonperforming loans. Net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 totaled $19.4 million, or 2.06% of annualized average loans, reduced from $110.5 million, or 13.09% of annualized average loans for the same period in 2011, also as a result of reductions in nonperforming loans and reductions in the levels of commercial real estate loans in the loan portfolio.
Noninterest Income
Noninterest income includes mortgage banking income, fees and service charges on deposit accounts, fees from cardholder and merchant services, fees and commissions related to trust and investment services, gains and losses on the sales of securities, and all other types of noninterest revenue.
For the three months ended September 30, 2012, noninterest income, excluding discontinued operations, was $4.6 million compared to $10.1 million for the same period in 2011. The decline was the result of a decrease from $7.4 million of gains on sales of investment securities in 2011 to a $33 thousand loss in 2012, partially offset by the addition of Granite service charges, gains in service charge income as a result of the Merger and an increase in mortgage loan income as FNB began selling loans to Fannie Mae in 2012. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, noninterest income, excluding discontinued operations, was $15.0 million compared to $16.9 million for the same period in 2011. The decrease was the result of a decrease in securities gains from $7.3 million in 2011 to $1.9 million in 2012, as well as increases in service charges on deposits and mortgage loan income described above.
Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense includes salary and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, expenses associated with other real estate owned, including write-downs, and one-time expenses related to the acquisition and integration of Granite.
Noninterest expenses were $24.6 million in the third quarter of 2012 compared to $23.2 million in the same period of 2011, an increase of $1.4 million, or 6%. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily attributable to the addition of $6.6 million in Granite noninterest expenses, mostly offset by decreases in OREO expense, Merger and recapitalization related expenses and FDIC insurance costs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, noninterest expenses were $84.4 million compared to $82.3 million in the same period of 2011. Results for 2012 include $20.9 million of noninterest expenses for Granite. That increase is offset by a $12.4 million decrease in OREO expense at CommunityOne, as well as a $3.0 million decrease in FDIC insurance costs at CommunityOne as a result of new FDIC assessment rates based on the improved capital position of CommunityOne, among other factors.
Full-time equivalent employees averaged 637 employees for the third quarter 2012 versus 462 employees for the third quarter of 2011. The increase is primarily related to the Merger, as well as increases in staff in credit and problem asset resolution areas.
Provision for Income Taxes
Excluding discontinued operations, FNB had an income tax benefit totaling $(77) thousand for the third quarter of 2012 and an income tax benefit of $(128) thousand for the first nine months of 2012. FNB recorded income tax expenses of $1.3 million and $0.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. FNB's provision for income taxes, as a percentage of loss before income taxes, excluding discontinued operations, was 1.61% and 0.38% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to 10.57% and 0.75% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
Balance Sheet Review
Total assets at September 30, 2012 were $2,238.1 million, a decrease of $171.0 million, or 7.1%, compared to total assets of $2,409.1 million at December 31, 2011.
Cash and interest-bearing balances were $327.9 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $225.5 million, or 40.8%, compared to $553.4 million at December 31, 2011, primarily attributable to the purchases of $173.2 million of residential mortgage loans, the reduction in deposits of $146.9 million, and the purchase of $42.6 million of securities (net of sales and repayments), offset by loan repayments and OREO sales.

44


Investment securities increased $61.1 million during the first nine months of 2012, from $431.3 million at December 31, 2011 to $492.4 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of 14.2%. The portfolio is comprised of U.S. federal agency securities and federal agency MBSs (GSE), securities of U.S. state and political subdivisions, private residential MBSs and corporate debt securities.
Gross loans held for investment increased $14.3 million, or 1.2%, during the first nine months of 2012, from $1,217.5 million at December 31, 2011 to $1,231.8 million at September 30, 2012. During the first nine months of 2012, FNB purchased $173.2 million of performing residential mortgage loans.
Other real estate owned ("OREO") decreased $29.6 million during the first nine months of 2012, from $110.4 million at December 31, 2011 to $80.8 million at September 30, 2012, as a result of $38.2 million of OREO sales and $16.1 million of writedowns and losses, partially offset by the addition of $24.8 million of OREO properties. At September 30, 2012, 58 assets with a net carrying amount of $18.2 million were under contract for sale. Estimated losses with these sales have been recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the first nine months of 2012.
Total deposits were $1,982.3 million at September 30, 2012, a decline of $146.9 million, or (6.9)% from $2,129.1 million at December 31, 2011. Management has implemented strategies to shift the mix of deposits from higher cost time deposits, including higher rate CD's and brokered CD's, towards lower rate demand, savings and money market deposits. At September 30, 2012, CD's comprised 42.2% of total deposits compared to 49.1% at December 31, 2011. Noninterest-bearing deposits increased $29.7 million, or 12.7%, from $234.7 million at December 31, 2011 to $264.4 million at September 30, 2012. Total cost of interest-bearing deposits declined by 51 basis points from 1.34% in the first nine months of 2011 to 0.83% in the first nine months of 2012. The cost of all deposits, including noninterest-bearing deposits, fell to 0.73% for the first nine months of 2012, a decline of 48 basis points from 1.21% for the first nine months of 2011.
Shareholders' equity at September 30, 2012 was $106.9 million as compared to $129.0 million at December 31, 2011. The book value per share was $4.95 and average equity to average assets was 5.08% at September 30, 2012 as compared to a book value per share of $6.11 and average equity to average assets of (1.19)% at December 31, 2011. The change in shareholders' equity reflects a net loss to common shareholders for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 of $33.7 million, offset by $6.7 million in common equity raised during the first nine months of 2012, and $5.8 million other comprehensive income, net of tax. FNB did not declare common dividends during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, and will not be able to pay any dividends until such time as FNB returns to profitability and either receives or is not required to receive regulatory approval for the payment of dividends. FNB does not expect to pay dividends to shareholders for the foreseeable future.
Investment Securities
FNB evaluates all securities on a quarterly basis, and more frequently as economic conditions warrant, to determine if an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI) exists. In evaluating the possible impairment of securities, consideration is given to the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than book value, the financial conditions and near-term prospects of the issuer, and the ability and intent of FNB to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. In analyzing an issuer's financial condition, FNB may consider whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies or government sponsored agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuer's financial condition. If management determines that an investment experienced an OTTI, the loss is recognized in the income statement as a realized loss. Any recoveries related to the value of these securities are recorded as an unrealized gain (as other comprehensive income/(loss) in shareholders' equity) and not recognized in income until the security is ultimately sold. As of September 30, 2012, there were no securities considered by FNB to have OTTI.
Asset Quality
Management considers the asset quality of FNB to be of primary importance. A formal loan review function, independent of loan origination, is used to identify and monitor problem loans. As part of the loan review function, FNB engages a third-party assessment group to review the underwriting documentation and risk grading analysis. In addition to continuing to rely on third-party loan reviews, a formal internal credit review function commenced in 2011 to provide more timely responses. This function reports directly to the Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors, and is independent of loan origination.
The allowance for loan losses of $39.4 million at December 31, 2011 decreased by 21.6% to $30.9 million at September 30, 2012, as a result of reductions in nonperforming loans and reductions in the levels of commercial real estate loans in the loan portfolio. As a percentage of gross loans held for investment, the allowance for loan losses declined from 3.23% at December 31, 2011 to 2.51% at September 30, 2012.
During the three month period ended September 30, 2012, FNB charged off $9.3 million in loans and realized $1.6 million in recoveries, for $7.7 million of net charge-offs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, FNB charged off $23.6 million in loans and realized $4.2 million in recoveries, for $19.4 million of net charge-offs. The majority of the loans that were charged off were loans that had been in impairment status and had specific reserves assigned to them in prior periods.

45


Acquired Loans
Loans acquired in the Merger ("Granite Purchased Loans") include purchased impaired loans ("PI loans") and purchased contractual ("PC loans") revolving consumer and commercial loans. At September 30, 2012 there were $287.3 million of Granite Purchased Loans, of which $35.1 million were PC loans, $220.4 million were PI Loans with no subsequent credit deterioration and $31.8 million were PI Loans with subsequent credit deterioration.
PI loans are segregated into pools and recorded at estimated fair value on the date of acquisition without the carryover of the related ALL. PI loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30 when the loans have evidence of credit deterioration since origination and it is probable at the date of acquisition we will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Evidence of credit quality deterioration as of the date of acquisition may include statistics such as past due status, nonaccrual status and risk grade. PI loans generally meet FNB's definition for nonaccrual status, however, even if the borrower is not currently making payments, FNB will classify loans as accruing if FNB can reasonably estimate the amount and timing of future cash flows. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the nonaccretable difference.
Periodically, we estimate the expected cash flows for each pool of the PI loans and evaluate whether the expected cash flows for each pool have changed from prior estimates. Decreases to the expected cash flows will generally result in a provision for loan losses. Subsequent increases in cash flows result in a reversal of the provision for loan losses to the extent of prior charges, or reclassification from nonaccretable difference to accretable yield with a positive impact on future interest income. Excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan when there is a reasonable expectation about the amount and timing of such cash flows.
We have elected to treat the Granite portfolio under ASC 310-30, with the exception of performing revolving consumer and commercial loans, which are being accounted for under ASC 310-20.
At September 30, 2012, an ALL of $3.6 million was required for the Granite Purchased Loans, and the Granite Purchased Loans are presented on an accruing basis.
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets are comprised of nonaccrual loans, accruing loans past due 90 days or more, other repossessed assets and OREO. Nonperforming loans are loans placed in nonaccrual status when, in management's opinion, the collection of all or a portion of interest becomes doubtful. Loans are returned to accrual status when the factors indicating doubtful collectability cease to exist and the loan has performed in accordance with its terms for a demonstrated period of time. OREO represents real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure and is generally carried at fair value, less estimated costs to sell.
The level of nonperforming loans decreased from $106.0 million or 9.0% of loans held for investment at December 31, 2011, to $86.1 million, or 7.0% of loans held for investment at September 30, 2012. OREO and repossessed assets were $80.8 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $110.4 million at December 31, 2011, a decline of $29.6 million. During the first nine months of 2012, we recorded net write-downs and net loss on sales of OREO of $16.1 million as compared to $27.7 million during the first nine months of 2011. Depressed market conditions have adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, the financial condition and liquidity position of certain borrowers. Additionally, the value of real estate collateral may come under further pressure from weak economic conditions and prevailing unemployment levels, resulting in additional delinquencies and loans being placed on nonaccrual.
The soft real estate market in 2011 and 2012 has adversely affected the financial condition and liquidity position of certain borrowers. Commercial real estate secured lending (including commercial, construction and land development) is a significant but decreasing portion of our commercial loan portfolio. These categories constitute $524.4 million, or approximately 42.6%, of our total loans held for investment portfolio, down from 51.3% at December 31, 2011. These categories are generally affected by changes in economic conditions, fluctuations in interest rates and the availability of loans to potential purchasers, changes in tax and other laws and acts of nature. The downturn in the real estate markets in which we originate, purchase, and service mortgage and other loans hurt our business because these loans are secured by real estate. Further declines will adversely affect the value of real estate collateral of loans secured by real estate, which could adversely affect our future earnings.
Allowance for Loan Losses
In determining the ALL and any resulting provision to be charged against earnings, particular emphasis is placed on the results of the loan review process. Consideration is also given to a review of individual loans, historical loan loss experience, the value and adequacy of collateral, as well as the economic conditions in our market area. For loans determined to be impaired, the allowance is based on discounted cash flows using the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates, including the amounts and timing of future cash flows expected to be received on impaired loans that may be susceptible to significant change. In addition, as an integral part of its examination process, the OCC periodically reviews CommunityOne's ALL and the FDIC periodically reviews Granite's ALL. Either the OCC or FDIC may require CommunityOne or Granite, as the case may be, to recognize changes to the allowance based on

46


its judgments about information available to them at the time of its examinations. Loans are charged off when, in the opinion of management, they are deemed to be uncollectible. Recognized losses are charged against the allowance, and subsequent recoveries are added to the allowance.
Estimated credit losses should meet the criteria for accrual of a loss contingency, i.e., a provision to the ALL, set forth in GAAP. Our methodology for determining the ALL is based on the requirements of GAAP, the Interagency Policy Statement on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other regulatory and accounting pronouncements. The ALL is determined by the sum of three separate components:  (i) the impaired loan component, which addresses specific reserves for impaired loans; (ii) the general reserve component, which addresses reserves for pools of homogeneous loans; and (iii) an unallocated reserve component (if any) based on management's judgment and experience. The loan pools and impaired loans are mutually exclusive; any loan that is impaired should be excluded from its homogenous pool for purposes of that pool's reserve calculation, regardless of the level of impairment. However, FNB has established a de minimis threshold for loan exposures that, if found to be impaired, will have impairment determined by applying the same general reserve rate as nonimpaired loans within the same pool.
Excluding discontinued operations, the ALL, as a percentage of loans held for investment, amounted to 2.51% at September 30, 2012 compared to 3.23% at December 31, 2011. Net charge-offs were $19.4 million in the first nine months of 2012 compared to $110.5 million in the first nine months of 2011. Annualized charge-offs in the first nine months of 2012 fell to 2.06% of average loans, from 13.09% in the same period of 2011. A substantial portion of 2012 charge-offs were related to impaired loans, and consisted of loans considered wholly impaired and loans with partial impairment. The provision for losses charged to operations in the first nine months of 2012 decreased to $10.9 million from $60.9 million in 2011.
As a result of on-going analysis of the loan portfolio, certain loans have migrated to higher, more adverse risk grades and an aggressive posture towards the timely charge-off of identified impairment has also continued. Actual past due loans and loan charge-offs have remained at manageable levels and management continues to diligently work to improve asset quality. Management believes the ALL of $30.9 million at September 30, 2012 is adequate to cover probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio; however, assessing the adequacy of the allowance is a process that requires considerable judgment. Management's judgments are based on numerous assumptions about current events that it believes to be reasonable, but which may or may not be valid. Thus, there can be no assurance that loan losses in future periods will not exceed the current allowance or that future increases in the allowance will not be required. No assurance can be given that management's ongoing evaluation of the loan portfolio in light of changing economic conditions and other relevant circumstances will not require significant future additions to the allowance, thus adversely affecting the operating results of FNB. Additional information on the ALL is presented in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.
As of September 30, 2012, FNB has elected to change the method it uses to calculate the the historical loss rates and qualitative and environmental factors in its ALL. FNB had previously calculated the ALL using historical loss factors based on the risk-graded pool to which the loss was assigned at quarter end four quarters prior to the loss. Historical loss rates are now calculated by associating losses to the risk-graded pool to which they relate for each of the previous eight quarters. Then, using a 24 quarter look back period, loss factors are calculated for each risk-graded pool.

In addition to FNB's ability to use its own historical loss data and migration between risk grades, it has also set up a more rigorous process for computing the qualitative factors that impact the ALL. A committee, independent of the historical loss migration team, reviews risk factors that may impact the ALL. Some factors are statistically quantifiable, such as concentration, growth, delinquency, and nonaccrual risk by loan type, while other factors are qualitative in nature, such as staff competency, competition within our markets, economic and regulatory changes impacting the loans held for investment.

The impact of the change in methodology to the third quarter earnings and to the ALL was to reduce the provision for loan losses and the ALL by an immaterial amount.

The following table presents FNB's investment in loans considered to be impaired and related information on those impaired loans as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

47


 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
Associated Reserves
 
Balance
Associated Reserves
Impaired loans, held for sale
 
$

$

 
$
4,529

$

Impaired loans, not individually reviewed for impairment
 
7,274


 
5,127


Impaired loans, individually reviewed, with no impairment
 
72,402


 
53,884


Impaired loans, individually reviewed, with impairment
 
14,769

4,522

 
42,357

11,090

Total impaired loans *
 
$
94,445

$
4,522

 
$
105,897

$
11,090

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchased impaired loans with subsequent deterioration
 
31,801

3,296

 


Purchased impaired loans with no subsequent deterioration
 
220,404


 
330,836


Total Reserves
 
 
7,818

 
 
11,090

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average impaired loans calculated using a simple average
 
$
98,567

 
 
$
112,600

 
* Included at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were $3.6 million and $2.9 million, respectively, in restructured and performing loans.
Liquidity Management
Liquidity management refers to the ability to meet day-to-day cash flow requirements based primarily on activity in loan and deposit accounts of FNB's customers. Deposit withdrawals, loan funding and general corporate activity create a need for liquidity for FNB. Liquidity is derived from sources such as deposit growth; maturity, calls, or sales of investment securities; principal and interest payments on loans and access to borrowed funds or lines of credit.
Consistent with the general approach to liquidity, loans and other assets of FNB are funded primarily by local core deposits. To date, a stable retail deposit base and a modest amount of brokered deposits have been adequate to meet FNB's loan obligations, while maintaining the desired level of immediate liquidity. Additionally, an investment securities portfolio is available for both immediate and secondary liquidity purposes.
During the first quarter of 2012, FNB resumed deferring the payment of cash dividends on its outstanding junior subordinated debentures.
As of September 30, 2012, available borrowing under credit lines totaled $50.1 million, compared to $74.5 million at December 31, 2011. FNB could also access $79.6 million of additional borrowings under credit lines by pledging additional collateral.
At September 30, 2012, $93.4 million of the investment securities portfolio was pledged to secure public deposits, $14.5 million was pledged to retail repurchase agreements, $4.0 million was pledged to the FRBR and $2.1 million was pledged to others, leaving $378.4 million available as lendable collateral.

Asset/Liability Management and Interest Rate Sensitivity
One of the primary objectives of asset/liability management is to maximize the net interest margin while minimizing the earnings risk associated with changes in interest rates. One method used to manage interest rate sensitivity is to measure, over various time periods, the interest rate sensitivity positions, or gaps. This method, however, addresses only the magnitude of timing differences and does not address earnings or market value. Therefore, management uses an earnings simulation model to prepare, on a regular basis, earnings projections based on a range of interest rate scenarios to more accurately measure interest rate risk.
FNB's balance sheet was asset-sensitive at September 30, 2012. An asset-sensitive position means that net interest income will generally move in the same direction as interest rates. For instance, if interest rates increase, net interest income can be expected to increase, and if interest rates decrease, net interest income can be expected to decrease. FNB's asset sensitivity is primarily derived from a large cash and due from banks position, a large concentration in prime-based commercial loans that adjust as the prime interest rate changes and the long duration of its indeterminate term deposits. These prime based loans are primarily funded by deposits that are not expected to reprice as quickly as the loans. Since the prime rate is not expected to decline below current levels, management believes FNB's risk to lower interest rates is low.
Capital Adequacy and Resources
Under guidelines established by the Federal Reserve Board and each federal banking agency, the OCC and FDIC, capital adequacy is currently measured for regulatory purposes by certain risk-based capital ratios, supplemented by a leverage capital ratio. The guidelines define an institution's total qualifying capital as having two components: Tier 1 capital, which must be at least 50% of total

48


qualifying capital and is mainly comprised of common equity, retained earnings and qualifying preferred stock, less certain intangibles; and Tier 2 capital, which may include the ALL up to a maximum of 1.25% of risk weighted assets, qualifying subordinated debt, qualifying preferred stock and hybrid capital instruments. The requirements also define the weights assigned to assets and off-balance sheet items to determine the risk weighted asset components of the risk-based capital rules.
Under the requirements, the minimum capital standards that must be met by any bank holding company or bank include a Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 4%, a total risk based capital ratio of at least 8% and a leverage capital ratio of at least 4% (except for those institutions with the highest regulatory ratings and not experiencing significant growth or expansion). The leverage capital ratio, which serves as a minimum capital standard, considers Tier 1 capital only and is expressed as a percentage of average total assets for the most recent quarter, after reduction of those assets for goodwill and other disallowed intangible assets at the measurement date. Risks such as concentration of credit risks and the risk arising from non-traditional activities, as well as the institution's exposure to a decline in the economic value of its capital due to changes in interest rates, and an institutions ability to manage those risks are important factors that are to be taken into account by the federal banking agencies in assessing an institution's overall capital adequacy.
Under the Consent Order CommunityOne entered into with the OCC on July 22, 2010, CommunityOne is required to maintain a leverage capital ratio of 9% and a total risk based capital ratio of 12%. Under the Order that Granite entered into with the FDIC and the North Carolina Commissioner of Banks ("NCCOB") on August 17, 2009, Granite is required to maintain a leverage capital ratio of 8% and a total risk based ratio of 12%. At September 30, 2012, FNB had a total risk-based capital ratio of 12.21% and a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 9.47%. CommunityOne and Granite had a total risk-based capital ratio of 11.79% and 14.73%, respectively, and a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 10.52% and 13.80%, respectively. FNB had a leverage capital ratio of 5.69% at September 30, 2012, and each of CommunityOne and Granite had leverage capital ratios of 6.46% and 7.88%, respectively. As of September 30, 2012, CommunityOne was not in compliance with either the leverage capital or the total risk based capital requirements of its Order, and Granite was not in compliance with the leverage capital requirement of its Order.
The prompt corrective action provisions of federal law require the federal bank agencies to take prompt corrective action to resolve problems of insured depository institutions such as CommunityOne and Granite. The extent of these powers depends upon whether the institution is designated as well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized, as defined by the law. The minimum capital requirements to be characterized as “well-capitalized” and “adequately capitalized,” as defined by the prompt corrective action provision of federal law, the capital requirements required under the Orders, and each of CommunityOne's and Granite's capital ratios as of September 30, 2012 were as follows:
 
 
 
Minimum Regulatory Requirement
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to Order
 
CommunityOne
Bank
Bank of
Granite
Adequately
Capitalized
Well-
Capitalized
CommunityOne
Bank
Bank of
Granite
Leverage capital ratio
6.46%
7.88%
4.00%
5.00%
9.00%
8.00%
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
10.52%
13.80%
4.00%
6.00%
Total risk-based capital ratio
11.79%
14.73%
8.00%
10.00%
12.00%
12.00%
As of September 30, 2012, CommunityOne and Granite were designated under these prompt corrective action provisions as "adequately capitalized" by the OCC and FDIC, respectively, because each bank continues to be subject to an Order.
The federal banking agencies have issued notices of proposed rulemakings that would change the leverage and risk-based capital requirements (including the prompt corrective action framework). Under these proposed rulemakings, the definition of the regulatory capital components would materially change. Among the most important of these changes is that a new common equity Tier 1 risk based capital ratio would be added. In addition, net unrealized gains and losses on available for sale debt and equity securities would be included in common equity Tier 1 capital. Certain deductions from common equity would be expanded and others, including mortgage servicing assets and deferred tax assets subject to temporary timing differences, would be subject to threshold deductions. While existing limitations on tier 2 capital would be eliminated, the agencies would also require a capital conservation buffer of up to 2.5% above each of the capital ratio requirements (common equity tier 1, tier 1, and total risk-based capital) which must be met for a bank to pay dividends, engage in share buybacks or make discretionary bonus payments to executive management without restriction. The rulemakings also propose changes in the risk-weighting of certain assets, including, 1 - 4 family residential mortgage loans, “high volatility” commercial real estate, past due assets, structured securities and equity holdings. The methodology for off balance sheet items such as commitments with an original maturity of less than or equal to one year that are not unconditional cancelable and mortgage loans sold with certain credit enhancing representations and warranties, are also revised. The proposals dealing with the regulatory capital components are proposed to go into effect on January 1, 2013 and the proposals revising the risk weighting of certain assets are proposed to go into effect on January 1, 2015. These changes, if adopted as proposed, could have a material effect on FNB.
Application of Critical Accounting Policies

49


FNB's accounting policies are in accordance with GAAP and with general practice within the banking industry and are fundamental to understanding management's discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial condition. Our significant accounting policies are discussed in detail in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, as amended ("Form 10-K"), and are described below.
Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, valuation of OREO, carrying value of investment securities, business combinations and treatment of deferred tax assets.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The ALL, which is utilized to absorb actual losses in the loan portfolio, is maintained at a level consistent with management's best estimate of probable loan losses incurred as of the balance sheet date. FNB's ALL is assessed quarterly by management. This assessment includes a methodology that separates the total loan portfolio into homogeneous loan classifications for purposes of evaluating risk. The required allowance is calculated by applying a risk adjusted reserve requirement to the dollar volume of loans within a homogenous group. FNB has grouped its loans into pools according to the loan segmentation regime employed on schedule RC-C of the FFIEC's Consolidated Report of Condition and Income. Management analyzes the loan portfolio on an ongoing basis to evaluate current risk levels, and risk grades are adjusted accordingly. While management uses the best information available to make evaluations, future adjustments may be necessary, if economic or other conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used. See additional discussion under Asset Quality.
Valuation of Other Real Estate Owned
Other real estate owned represents properties acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu thereof. The property is classified as held for sale and is carried at fair value based on recent appraisals, less estimated costs to sell. Declines in the fair value of properties included in other real estate below carrying value are recognized by a charge to income. An increase in fair value is not recognized until the property is sold.
Carrying Value of Securities
Securities designated as available-for-sale are carried at fair value. However, the unrealized difference between amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale is excluded from net income unless there is an other than temporary impairment and is reported, net of deferred taxes, as a component of shareholders' equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Securities held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost, as the banks have the ability, and management has the positive intent, to hold these securities to maturity. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized and accreted according to the interest method.
Business Combinations
Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Under the acquisition method the acquiring entity in a business combination recognizes 100% of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, regardless of the percentage owned, at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets and other identifiable intangible assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the fair value of net assets acquired, including other identifiable assets, exceed the purchase price, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed from contingencies must also be recognized at fair value, if the fair value can be determined during the measurement period. Purchased impaired ("PI") loans are recorded at fair value at acquisition date. Therefore, amounts deemed uncollectible at acquisition date become part of the fair value determination and are excluded from the allowance for loan and lease losses. Following acquisition, we periodically review PI loans to determine if changes in estimated cash flows have occurred. Subsequent decreases in the amount expected to be collected result in a provision for loan losses with a corresponding increase in the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent increases in the amount expected to be collected result in a reversal of any previously recorded provision for loan losses and related allowance for loan losses, if any, or prospective adjustment to the accretable yield if no provision for loan losses had been recorded. Results of operations of an acquired business are included in the statement of earnings from the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related costs, including conversion and restructuring charges, are expensed as incurred.
Treatment of Deferred Tax Assets
Management's determination of the realization of deferred tax assets is based upon its judgment of various future events and uncertainties, including the timing and amount of future income earned by certain subsidiaries and the implementation of various tax plans to maximize realization of the deferred tax assets. In evaluating the positive and negative evidence to support the realization of the asset under current guidance, there is insufficient positive evidence to support a conclusion that it is more likely than not this asset will be realized in the foreseeable future. Examinations of the income tax returns or changes in tax law may impact FNB's tax liabilities and resulting provisions for income taxes.
A valuation allowance is recognized for a deferred tax asset if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon

50


the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. In making such judgments, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified. As a result of the increased credit losses, FNB continues to be in a three-year cumulative pre-tax loss position as of September 30, 2012. A cumulative loss position is considered significant negative evidence in assessing the realizability of a deferred tax asset, which is difficult to overcome. FNB's estimate of the realization of its deferred tax assets was based on the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities and taxable income available in prior carry back years and estimated unrealized losses in the available-for-sale investment portfolio. In total, FNB has a gross deferred tax asset of $180.7 million which is offset by a valuation allowance of $178.9 million. FNB did not consider future taxable income in determining the realizability of its deferred tax assets. FNB expects its income tax expense (benefit) will be negligible until profitability has been restored for a reasonable time and such profitability is considered sustainable. At that time, the valuation allowance would be reversed. Reversal of the valuation allowance requires a great deal of judgment and will be based on the circumstances that exist as of that future date. If future events differ significantly from our current forecasts, we may need to increase this valuation allowance, which could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations and financial condition.
The Merger was considered a change in control for Granite Corp. under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 and the Regulations, thereunder. Accordingly, we are required to evaluate potential limitation or deferral of its ability to carryforward pre-acquisition net operating losses and to determine the amount of net unrealized built-in losses (“NUBIL”), which may be subject to similar limitation or deferral. Under the Internal Revenue Code and Regulations, NUBIL realized within 5 years of the change in control are subject to potential limitation, which for us is October 20, 2016. Through that date, we will continue to analyze our ability to utilize such losses to offset anticipated future taxable income, however, this estimate will not be known until the five-year recognition period expires. Losses limited under these provisions are generally limited to a carryforward period of 20 years, subject to the annual limitation and expire if not used by the end of that period. As of September 30, 2012, total deferred tax assets attributable to Granite Corp. and subsidiaries were approximately $35.8 million which is offset by a valuation allowance of $34.4 million. We anticipate that some of these benefits from the net operating losses and built-in losses will not ultimately be realized; however, that amount is subject to continuing analysis and has not yet been determined.
Summary
Management believes the accounting estimates related to the ALL, the valuation of OREO, the carrying value of securities, business combination accounting, and the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets are “critical accounting estimates” because: (1) the estimates are highly susceptible to change from period to period as they require management to make assumptions concerning the changes in the types and volumes of the portfolios and anticipated economic conditions, and (2) the impact of recognizing an impairment or loan loss could have a material effect on the FNB's assets reported on the balance sheet as well as its net earnings.
Non-GAAP Measures
This quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with GAAP. We use these non-GAAP measures in our analysis of FNB's performance. Some of these non-GAAP measures exclude goodwill and core deposit premiums from the calculations of return on average assets and return on average equity. We believe presentations of financial measures excluding the impact of goodwill and core deposit premiums provide useful supplemental information that is essential to a proper understanding of the operating results of our core businesses. In addition, certain designated net interest income amounts are presented on a taxable equivalent basis. We believe that the presentation of net interest income on a taxable equivalent basis aids in the comparability of net interest income arising from taxable and tax-exempt sources. Further, we use other non-GAAP measures that exclude preferred stock and common stock warrants to report equity available to holders of our common stock. We believe that measures that exclude these items provide useful supplemental information that enhances an understanding of the equity that is available to holders of different classes of FNB's stock.
These disclosures should not be viewed as a substitute for results determined in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies.
The non-GAAP financial measures used in this Report are “common shareholders' equity,” “tangible common shareholders' equity,” “tangible equity,” “tangible assets” and “tangible book value.” FNB's management, the entire financial services sector, bank stock analysts, and bank regulators use these non-GAAP measures in their analysis of our performance.
“Common shareholders' equity” is shareholders' equity reduced by preferred stock and the common stock warrant.
“Tangible common shareholders' equity” is shareholders' equity reduced by preferred stock, the common stock warrant, goodwill and other intangible assets.
“Tangible shareholders' equity” is shareholders' equity reduced by recorded goodwill, other intangible assets and preferred stock.
“Tangible assets” are total assets reduced by recorded goodwill and other intangible assets.
“Tangible book value” is defined as total equity reduced by recorded goodwill, other intangible assets and preferred stock divided by total common shares outstanding. This measure discloses changes from period-to-period in book value per share exclusive of changes in intangible assets and preferred stock. Goodwill, an intangible asset that is recorded in a purchase business combination, has the effect of increasing total book value while not increasing the tangible assets of a

51


company. Companies utilizing purchase accounting in a business combination, as required by GAAP, must record goodwill related to such transactions.
The following table provides a more detailed analysis of these non-GAAP measures:
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
September 30, 2011
Total shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
$
106,873

 
$
129,015

 
$
(129,932
)
Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock
 

 

 
61,995

Common stock warrant
 

 

 
3,891

Common shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
$
106,873

 
$
129,015

 
$
(195,818
)
Total shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
$
106,873

 
$
129,015

 
$
(129,932
)
Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
 
4,205

 
3,905

 

Core deposit and other intangibles
 
7,369

 
8,177

 
3,577

Preferred stock
 

 

 
61,995

Common stock warrant
 

 

 
3,891

Tangible common shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
$
95,299

 
$
116,933

 
$
(199,395
)
Total shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
$
106,873

 
$
129,015

 
$
(129,932
)
Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
 
4,205

 
3,905

 

Core deposit and other intangibles
 
7,369

 
8,177

 
3,577

Tangible shareholders' equity/(deficit)
 
$
95,299

 
$
116,933

 
$
(133,509
)
Total assets
 
$
2,238,065

 
$
2,409,108

 
$
1,643,894

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
 
4,205

 
3,905

 

Core deposit and other intangibles
 
7,369

 
8,177

 
3,577

Tangible assets
 
$
2,226,491

 
$
2,397,026

 
$
1,640,317

Book value per common share
 
$
4.95

 
$
6.11

 
$
(1,714.03
)
Effect of intangible assets
 
(0.52
)
 
(0.57
)
 
(31.31
)
Tangible book value per common share
 
4.43

 
5.54

 
(1,745.34
)

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The objective of FNB's asset/liability management function is long term maximization of net interest income within FNB risk guidelines. This objective is accomplished through management of our balance sheet composition, liquidity, and interest rate risk exposures arising from changing economic conditions, interest rates and customer preferences.
Management considers interest rate risk FNB's most significant market risk. Interest rate risk is the exposure to adverse changes in net interest income due to changes in interest rates. Consistency of our net interest income is largely dependent upon the effective management of interest rate risk.
To identify and manage its interest rate risk, we employ an earnings simulation model to analyze net interest income sensitivity to changing interest rates. The model is based on contractual cash flows and repricing characteristics and incorporates market-based assumptions regarding the effect of changing interest rates on the prepayment rates of certain assets and liabilities. The model also includes management projections for activity levels in each of the product lines offered by CommunityOne and Granite. Assumptions are inherently uncertain and the measurement of net interest income or the impact of rate fluctuations on net interest income cannot be precisely predicted. Actual results may differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies. FNB's Asset/Liability Management Committee (“ALCO”), which includes senior management representatives and reports to the Board of Directors, monitors and manages interest rate risk.
Management does not believe there has been any significant change in the overall performance of financial instruments considered market risk sensitive, as measured by the factors of contractual maturities, average interest rates and estimated fair values, since the analysis presented in the Form 10-K.

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Item 4.    Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Sections 13(a)-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of FNB's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and several other members of senior management as of September 30, 2012, the last day of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. FNB's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2012 in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) accumulated and communicated to management (including FNB's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms.
Internal Control Changes
During the 3rd quarter we migrated the Bank of Granite's core systems and processes onto the FNB United platform and infrastructure. As part of this migration we replaced end of life equipment, consolidated core loan, deposit and general ledger processing onto a common infrastructure, and implemented enhanced information security processes and procedures.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of operations, FNB is party to various legal proceedings. Other than noted below, FNB is not involved in, nor has it terminated during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, any pending legal proceedings other than routine, nonmaterial proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business.
As described in Item 3., Legal Proceedings, of the Form 10-K, Howe Barnes Hoefer & Arnett, Inc., an affiliate of Raymond James Financial, Inc., filed a complaint in Wake County Superior Court in North Carolina seeking monetary damages against FNB and CommunityOne. There has been no change in the status of this litigation since the filing date of the complaint.
Item 1A.     Risk Factors
There have been no material changes to the risk factors that we have previously disclosed in Item 1A - “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K.
Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Repurchases
Not Applicable
Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not Applicable
Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable
Item 5. Other Information
None
Item 6.    Exhibits
Exhibits to this report are listed in the Index to Exhibits on page 57 of this report.

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SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


FNB United Corp.
(Registrant)


Date: November 5, 2012                    By:    /s/ DAVID L. NIELSEN        
David L. Nielsen
Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)


55


INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Exhibit No.                    Description of Exhibit
31.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32
Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101     Financial Statements submitted in XBRL format



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